NEET Physics Questions: Thermal Properties of Matter

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A liquid takes 5 minute to cool from $ 80 ^\circ C to 50 ^\circ C$ . The temperature of the surrounding is $ 20 ^\circ C$ . What is the time it will take to cool from $ 60 ^\circ C to 30 ^\circ C$ ?




Using the equation $ { \theta_1 - \theta _2 \over t } = K \left( {\theta_1 + \theta_2 \over 2} - \theta_0 \right) \theta_0$ = where = temperature of surrounding
Two spheres of the same material have radii 1 m and 4 m and temperatures 2000 k and 4000 k respectively. If the energy radiated by the spheres are $E_1 $ and $E_2 $ respectively then find ratio of $ { E_1 \over E_2 } $




$ { E_1 \over E_2 } = \left( { R_1 \over R_2 } \right)^2 \left( { T_1 \over T_4 } \right)^4$
A body cools in 5 minute from $ 60 ^\circ C to 40 ^\circ C $ .The temperature of the surroundings is $ 10 ^\circ C$ . What is its temperature after the next 5 minute ?




According to newton's law approximately, $ { \theta_1 - \theta _2 \over t } = K \left( {\theta_1 + \theta_2 \over 2} - \theta_0 \right) $ $ 160 - 4 \theta = 20 + \theta \Rightarrow \theta = 28 C $
What is the units of emissive power in stefan's law ?




Emissive power is defined as the radiant energy emitted per sec per unit area of the surface. Hence $ [E} = [ P/A] \Rightarrow unit of E = Wm^{-2 } $
A sphere, a cube and a thin circular plate are allmade of the same material, have the same mass and are initially heated to a temperature of 200°C.Arrange then in the ascending order of rate of cooling.




$ { d \theta \over dt } \alpha A $now, for a given mass,sphere has the least surface area and circular plate will have the maximum surface area. Hence the sphere will cool the slowest and the disc the fastest.
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100 g ice at 0°C placed in 100 g water at 100°C. The final temperature of the mixture will be.......... (Latent heat of ice is 80 Cal/g, and specific heat of water is 1 Cal/g C°)




Let temperature of mixture = T $ \therfore $ Heat absorbed by ice = Heat lost by water $ \therefore $ Heat required to melt ice + heat required to acquire Temperature T of water of ice = Heat lost by water $\therefore $ mL + mc (T - 0) = mc (100 - T)
On a hot day at Ahmedabad a trucker loaded 37,000 L of diesel fuel. He delivered the disel at Shrinagar (Kashmir) Where the temperature was lower then that of Ahmedabad by 23 k. How many liters did he deliver ?For diesel $ \gamma = 3 \alpha = 9.50 \times 10^{-4} C° $ (Neglect the thermal expansion / Contration of steel tank of the trunk)




$ V = 37000 L \triangle T = 27K$. As temperature decreases in volume. $ \triangle V =3 \alpha V \triangle T= 9.5 \times 10^{-4} \times \times 37000 \times 23 $ = 808 L decreases $ \therefore $ Diesel supplied to shrinagar = 37000 - 808 = 36192L = 36190L
For which value of the temperature will the values of Fahrenhit scale and Kelvin scale be equal ?




$T_F = {9 \over 15 } [T_K -273 ] + 32$
The temperautre of equal masses of three different liquids x, y, z are $ 12 ^\circ C , 19 ^\circ C and 28 ^\circ C$ respectively. The temperature when X and Y are mixed is $ 16 ^\circ C$ and when Yand Z are mixed is $23 ^\circ C$ . what is the temperature when X and Z are mixed ?




When X and Y are mixed heat lost by Y = Heat gained by X $ms_y (19-16) = ms_X(16-12)$ Similarly when Y and Z are mixed $ ms_y (23-19) = ms_z (28-23)$ Mixing x and z yields, $ms_X(T -12) = ms_z (28 -T)$ Mixing X and Z yields. Solved all equations
The Coefficient of linear expansion of brass & steel are $ \alpha_1 and \alpha_2 $ . 2 If we take a brass rod of length $ l_1 $ & steel rod of length $l_2 $ at $ 0 ^\circ $ , their difference in length $ ( l_2 - l_1 ) $ will remain the same at a temperature if ........................




$ l_2 = l_2 ( 1 + \alpha_2 \triangle Q) and L_1 = l_1 ( 1 + \alpha_1 \triangle Q ) $ $ \Rightarrow (l_2 - l_1) = ( l_2 -l_1 ) + \triangle Q ( l_2 \alpha_2 - l_1 \alpha _1 ) $ $ now (L_2 - L_1 ) = ( l_2 - l_1 ) $ $ so , l_2 \alpha_2 = l_2 \alpha_1 = 0 $
At what temprature the centigrade (celsius) and Fahrenheit readings at the same.




$ { C \over 5} = { F -32 \over 9 } $
Mercury thermometers can be used to measure tempratures up to




The boiling point of mercuryis $400 ^\circ C$ . Therefore the mercury thermeter can be used to measure the range upto $ 360 ^\circ C.$
When the room temprature becomes equal to the dew point the relative humidity of the room is




Relative humidity is defined as the ratio of the current absolute humidity to the highest possible absolute humidity (which depends on the current air temperature). When the room temperature becomes equal to the dew point, the air is fully saturated with water vapor, and thus the relative humidity is 100%.
If the length of a cylinder on heating increases by 2% the area of its base will increase by.




$ A \alpha L^2 \Rightarrow { \triangle A \over A } = 2 { \triangle L \over L } $
Density of substance at $0 ^\circ C $ is 10 gm/cc and at $ 100 ^ \circ C $ its density is 9.7 gm/CC. The coefficient of linear expansion of the substance will be




Coeffcient of volume expansion $ r = { \triangle \rho \over \rho . \triangle T } = { \rho_1 - \rho_2 \over \rho ( \triangle \theta ) } $ Hence, cofficent of linear expansion