Characteristics of s-block elements

The s-block elements in the periodic table include the elements of Group 1 (alkali metals) and Group 2 (alkaline earth metals). Here are the main characteristics:

• Electronic Configuration: They have one or two electrons in their outermost s-orbital.
• Reactivity: These elements are highly reactive due to their tendency to lose their outermost electron(s) easily.
• Metallic Character: They exhibit typical metallic properties such as malleability, ductility, and good conductivity of heat and electricity.
• Low Ionization Enthalpy: The ionization enthalpy decreases down the group, making it easier to lose electrons and form positive ions.
• Formation of Basic Oxides: The oxides of s-block elements are basic in nature and form alkaline solutions when dissolved in water.
• Occurrence in Nature: Due to their high reactivity, these elements are not found in their free state in nature but are found in combined forms such as salts.