How is the escape velocity of Earth calculated?

The escape velocity of a planet like Earth can be calculated using the formula:

v_e = √(2GM/R)

where:
- v_e is the escape velocity,
- G is the universal gravitational constant (6.67430 × 10^-11 N m²/kg²),
- M is the mass of the Earth (about 5.972 × 10²⁴ kg),
- R is the radius of the Earth (about 6,371 km).

Plugging in these values, we get:

v_e = √(2 × 6.67430 × 10^-11 N m²/kg² × 5.972 × 10²⁴ kg / 6.371 × 10⁶ m)

This simplifies to approximately 11.2 km/s.

Hence, the escape velocity of Earth is about 11.2 km/s.