What is the difference between mitosis and meiosis?

Mitosis and meiosis are both processes of cell division, but they serve different purposes and have distinct differences:

• Purpose:
  • Mitosis: Produces two genetically identical daughter cells for growth, repair, and asexual reproduction.
  • Meiosis: Produces four genetically diverse daughter cells (gametes) for sexual reproduction.
• Number of Divisions:
  • Mitosis: Involves one division cycle, resulting in two daughter cells.
  • Meiosis: Involves two division cycles (Meiosis I and Meiosis II), resulting in four daughter cells.
• Chromosome Number:
  • Mitosis: Maintains the same chromosome number as the parent cell (diploid).
  • Meiosis: Reduces the chromosome number by half (haploid).
• Genetic Variation:
  • Mitosis: Produces genetically identical cells.
  • Meiosis: Introduces genetic variation through processes like crossing over and independent assortment.