Classification of Plant Kingdom MCQs for NEET — Botany Questions with Answers

Phycology is the study of algae. Algae are photosynthetic organisms that range from unicellular to multicellular forms. They lack true roots, stems, and leaves, and reproduce through spores or gametes.

In mosses, the sporophyte developing from the embryo is a simple structure without rhizoids and is differentiated into foot, seta ad capsule. It parasitic (partially or wholly) on the gametohpyte as it is organically attached and is nutritionally dependent upon the gametophyte.

Monoecious or homothallic condition in Chara (green algae) is used to denote upper oogonium and lower antheridium on the same plant. The organisms, which possess both the reproductive organs are called bisexual. Unisexual condition represents both male or female organs in same organism.

Mannitol is stored food in Phaeophyceae (not in Rhodophyceae). Red algae (Rhodophyta) are the oldest groups of eukaryotic algae which includes marine algae especially seaweeds. The floridean starch is storage carbohydrate of red algae as grains outsite the chloroplast.

The Brown algae (Phaeophyta) store their food in compounds called laminarin (starch) and transport it throughout their bodies in form of compound called mannitol. 

Rest of the statements are correct. 

Secondary growth occurs in gymnosperm giving rise to two different types of wood as manoxylic and pycnoxylic. Manoxylic wood is loose and soft as seen in Cycas and pycnoxylic wood is compact and hard as seen in Pinus.

Maximum solar energy is trapped by algae and hence they evolve maximum amount of oxygen by the process of photosythesis. Therefore, algae are useful because they purify the atmosphere by releasing oxygen.

The gametophytic generation represents the dominant phase in the life cycle of bryophytes. The sporophyte phase is dependent on the gametophyte. That is why, the plant body of Funaria moss is predominantly gametophytic with dependent sporophyte.

Megasporophyll of Cycas are borne on female plant which produces ovule. Carpel is also a female reproductive organ of flowering plant. So both are of same nature. (i.e., female sex organs).