Growth and Development in Plants MCQs for NEET — Botany Questions with Answers

The maximum period of growth is referred to as the phase of rapid growth or speedy growth rate. This is when the growth rate is at its peak before it starts to decline.

An auxanometer is an apparatus used for measuring the growth of plants. It typically consists of a lever system that magnifies the growth movement of a plant, making it easier to measure and record.

Ethylene is a plant hormone that is crucial for the ripening of fruits. It regulates a wide range of processes in plants, including the ripening of climacteric fruits such as bananas and tomatoes.

The 'Bakane' disease, also known as foolish seedling disease, is caused by the fungi Gibberella fujikuroi. This disease leads to abnormal elongation of rice seedlings, which become thin and pale, often resulting in their death.

Hormones are secreted at the apex of the plant and they regulate the growth of another region. These plant hormones, also known as phytohormones, include auxins, gibberellins, cytokinins, ethylene, and abscisic acid, which play crucial roles in various growth processes.

ABA, or abscisic acid, is not related to the initiation of growth. Instead, it is known for its role in inhibiting growth and promoting dormancy in seeds and buds. The other options, such as Gibberellin, IAA (Indole-3-acetic acid), and Cytokinin, are all involved in promoting growth.

The growth inducer hormones include Indole Acetic Acid (IAA), Gibberellins, and Cytokinins. These hormones are responsible for promoting various aspects of plant growth and development. IAA (a type of auxin) promotes cell elongation, Gibberellins aid in stem elongation and seed germination, and Cytokinins promote cell division and delay senescence.

Cytokinins are plant hormones that promote cell division, which is essential for plant growth. Additionally, they play a role in delaying senescence (the aging process) in plant tissues, thus helping in the longevity of leaves and other organs.

The full form of 2,4-D is 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid. It is a synthetic auxin, which is commonly used as a herbicide to control weeds, particularly broadleaf weeds.

Gibberellins (GA) are plant hormones that play a key role in stimulating growth in the internode region. They promote cell elongation, division, and expansion, which leads to an increase in the length of the internodes.