Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants MCQs for NEET — Botany Questions with Answers

The embryo sac in flowering plants is produced from a megaspore. Through a process called megasporogenesis, one of the four megaspores produced undergoes three rounds of mitotic division to form the embryo sac, which is the female gametophyte.

An egg-apparatus in the embryo sac of an angiosperm consists of one egg cell and two synergids. The synergids help in guiding the pollen tube to the egg cell for fertilization.

In angiosperms, the endosperm nucleus is formed by the fusion of one sperm nucleus with two polar nuclei, making it triploid (3n). This triploid endosperm provides nourishment to the developing embryo.

The female gametophyte in angiosperms is also known as the embryo sac. It contains the egg cell, two synergids, three antipodal cells, and a central cell with two polar nuclei.

The embryo sac of an angiosperm typically contains one egg cell, which is one of the seven cells in the eight-nucleate structure of the mature female gametophyte.

After fertilization, the ovule develops into a seed. The ovule contains the egg cell, and after fertilization, it undergoes several changes to become a seed, which will eventually give rise to a new plant.

The fruit is a modification of the ovary. After fertilization, the ovary of the flower develops into a fruit, which encloses the seeds and helps in their dispersal.

The seed coat develops from the outer integument of the ovule. The integuments are layers of cells that surround the ovule and, after fertilization, develop into the protective seed coat.

Pollen grains are produced in the anther, which is a part of the stamen in flowers. The anther contains microsporangia that undergo meiosis to form pollen grains. This is a fundamental concept in botany that is crucial for understanding plant reproduction.

The ovule is attached to the placenta by a structure called the funicle. The funicle acts as a stalk that links the ovule to the placenta, providing support and facilitating nutrient transport. This detail is important for understanding the anatomy of the ovule and its connection within the ovary.