Botany MCQs for NEET — Practice Questions with Answers

'When experiments on peas were repeated using other traits in other plants, it was found that sometimes the F1 had a phenotype that did not resemble either of the two parents and was in between the two.' This describes the intermediate phenotype of a heterozygote in incomplete dominance.

In incomplete dominance, the F2 phenotypic ratio is typically 1:2:1 (e.g., in snapdragon flower color), not 3:1. The genotypic and phenotypic ratios are the same (1:2:1) in the F2 generation for incomplete dominance.

The text states: 'Therefore, dominance is not an autonomous feature of a gene or the product that it has information for. It depends as much on the gene product and the production of a particular phenotype from this product as it does on the particular phenotype that we choose to examine, in case more than one phenotype is influenced by the same gene.'

The context states: 'The cells derived from root apical and shoot-apical meristems and cambium differentiate and mature to perform specific functions. This act leading to maturation is termed as differentiation. During differentiation, cells undergo few to major structural changes both in their cell walls and protoplasm.'

The context states: 'For example, to form a tracheary element, the cells would lose their protoplasm. They also develop a very strong, elastic, lignocellulosic secondary cell walls, to carry water to long distances even under extreme tension.'

The context provides an example: 'For example, formation of meristems – interfascicular cambium and cork cambium from fully differentiated parenchyma cells.' Vascular cambium is mentioned as a lateral meristem in another section, contributing to secondary growth which involves processes like dedifferentiation and redifferentiation.

The context explains redifferentiation: 'While doing so, such meristems/tissues are able to divide and produce cells that once again lose the capacity to divide but mature to perform specific functions, i.e., get redifferentiated.'

The context mentions: 'The final structure at maturity of a cell/tissue is also determined by the location of the cell within.'

Figure 13.8 shows 'Cell Division', 'Expansion (Elongation)', 'Differentiation', 'Maturation', 'Senescence', 'Death', and 'Plasmatic growth'. 'Regrowing' is not listed as a phase.

The text states: 'Plants follow different pathways in response to environment or phases of life to form different kinds of structures. This ability is called plasticity, e.g., heterophylly in cotton, coriander and larkspur.' The question asks for the general ability, which is plasticity, and heterophylly is an example of it.