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Botany MCQs for NEET — Practice Questions with Answers

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NEET 2024

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Match List I with List II.

List I	List II
A. Frederick Griffith	I. Genetic code
B. Francois Jacob & Jacque Monod	II. Semi-conservative mode of DNA replication
C. Har Gobind Khorana	III. Transformation
D. Meselson & Stahl	IV. Lac operon

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

A. A-IV, B-I, C-II, D-III B. A-III, B-II, C-I, D-IV C. A-III, B-IV, C-I, D-II D. A-II, B-III, C-IV, D-I

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Explanation

Griffith — transformation; Jacob & Monod — lac operon; Khorana — genetic code; Meselson & Stahl — semi-conservative replication.

NEET 2024

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In an ecosystem if the Net Primary Productivity (NPP) of first trophic level is $100x\,(kcal\,m^{-2})\,yr^{-1}$, what would be the GPP (Gross Primary Productivity) of the third trophic level of the same ecosystem?

A. $\dfrac{100x}{3x}\ (kcal\,m^{-2})\,yr^{-1}$ B. $\dfrac{x}{10}\ (kcal\,m^{-2})\,yr^{-1}$ C. $x\ (kcal\,m^{-2})\,yr^{-1}$ D. $10x\ (kcal\,m^{-2})\,yr^{-1}$

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Explanation

Lindeman's 10 % rule: $100x \to 10x$ (2nd) $\to x$ (3rd).

NEET 2024

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Match List I with List II.

List I	List II
A. Rose	I. Twisted aestivation
B. Pea	II. Perigynous flower
C. Cotton	III. Drupe
D. Mango	IV. Marginal placentation

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

A. A-II, B-III, C-IV, D-I B. A-II, B-IV, C-I, D-III C. A-I, B-II, C-III, D-IV D. A-IV, B-III, C-II, D-I

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Explanation

Rose — perigynous; Pea — marginal placentation; Cotton — twisted aestivation; Mango — drupe.

NEET 2024

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Identify the correct description about the given figure (an elongated spike-like inflorescence with prominently exposed stamens):

A. Compact inflorescence showing complete autogamy. B. Wind pollinated plant inflorescence showing flowers with well exposed stamens. C. Water pollinated flowers showing stamens with mucilaginous covering. D. Cleistogamous flowers showing autogamy.

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Explanation

Exposed, light, plumose stamens are characteristic of wind-pollinated (anemophilous) inflorescences.

NEET 2024

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Identify the step in tricarboxylic acid cycle, which does not involve oxidation of substrate.

A. Isocitrate $\to \alpha$-ketoglutaric acid B. Malic acid $\to$ Oxaloacetic acid C. Succinic acid $\to$ Malic acid D. Succinyl-CoA $\to$ Succinic acid

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Explanation

Succinyl-CoA → succinate is a substrate-level phosphorylation (GTP/ATP formed); no redox change at the carbon backbone.

NEET 2024

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Spraying sugarcane crop with which of the following plant growth regulators, increases the length of stem, thus, increasing the yield?

A. Abscisic acid B. Auxin C. Gibberellin D. Cytokinin

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Explanation

Gibberellins cause stem elongation; spraying sugarcane with GA increases internode length and thus the yield.

NEET 2024

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Match List I with List II.

List I	List II
A. GLUT-4	I. Hormone
B. Insulin	II. Enzyme
C. Trypsin	III. Intercellular ground substance
D. Collagen	IV. Enables glucose transport into cells

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

A. A-III, B-IV, C-I, D-II B. A-IV, B-I, C-II, D-III C. A-I, B-II, C-III, D-IV D. A-II, B-III, C-IV, D-I

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Explanation

GLUT-4 — glucose transporter; Insulin — hormone; Trypsin — enzyme; Collagen — intercellular matrix protein.

NEET 2024

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Which of the following are fused in somatic hybridization involving two varieties of plants?

A. Pollens B. Callus C. Somatic embryos D. Protoplasts

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Explanation

Somatic hybridization fuses naked plant cells (protoplasts) after enzymatic removal of cell walls.

NEET 2025

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The complex II of mitochondrial electron transport chain is also known as:

A. Cytochrome bc₁ B. Succinate dehydrogenase C. Cytochrome c oxidase D. NADH dehydrogenase

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Explanation

Complex II of the ETC is succinate dehydrogenase (succinate–ubiquinone oxidoreductase), the only enzyme common to both the Krebs cycle and the ETC.

NEET 2025

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Which one of the following statements refers to Reductionist Biology?

A. Physico-chemical approach to study and understand living organisms. B. Physiological approach to study and understand living organisms. C. Chemical approach to study and understand living organisms. D. Behavioural approach to study and understand living organisms.

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Explanation

Reductionist biology studies living organisms by analysing their physico-chemical (physical and chemical) components and processes.

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