Botany MCQs for NEET — Practice Questions with Answers

Phyllode is a modified petiole that performs the function of a leaf. In Australian Acacia (commonly known as Wattles), the true leaves are reduced, and the petioles become flattened and take over the photosynthetic functions. This adaptation helps in reducing water loss in dry conditions.

Cymose inflorescence is a type of flower arrangement where the main axis terminates in a flower and further growth continues from lateral buds. Solanum (such as the tomato plant) exhibits cymose inflorescence, where the central flower blooms first, followed by the peripheral flowers.

A seed is defined as a mature ovule that contains a dormant embryo, along with enough reserve food and protective coatings. This allows the seed to remain dormant until conditions are favorable for germination. The reserve food provides the necessary nutrients for the embryo during germination.

In maize grain, the starchy food is stored in the endosperm. The endosperm is a tissue produced inside the seeds of most flowering plants around the time of fertilization. It surrounds the embryo and provides nutrition in the form of starch, though it can also contain oils and protein.

Cabbage is not a fruit. It is a leafy green, red, or white biennial plant grown as an annual vegetable crop for its dense-leaved heads. Fruits are typically defined as the mature ovary of a flowering plant, usually containing seeds, which develop from the fertilized ovary of a flower.

The reduced discoid and underground stem is found in the Onion. The underground stem of an onion is a bulb, which is a modified stem with fleshy leaves used for storage.

Fibers are found on the seeds of Gossypium, which is the scientific name for the cotton plant. Cotton fibers are actually elongated cells that develop from the surface of the seed.

In flowering plants, the vegetative organs are those parts of the plant that are not involved in reproduction. These include the roots, stems, and leaves. These organs are responsible for the growth and maintenance of the plant. Flowers and fruits are reproductive organs and hence not considered vegetative organs.