Botany MCQs for NEET — Practice Questions with Answers

Mycorrhiza refers to a symbiotic association between a fungus and the roots of a vascular plant. This relationship is mutually beneficial: the fungus aids in the absorption of water and nutrients for the plant, while the plant supplies carbohydrates and other organic compounds to the fungus.

Streptokinase is an enzyme used to dissolve blood clots in blood vessels. It is often used in the treatment of myocardial infarction (heart attack) and other conditions caused by blood clots. Streptokinase works by converting plasminogen to plasmin, which then breaks down fibrin clots.

Cyclosporin-A is an immunosuppressive drug widely used in organ transplantation to prevent rejection. It works by inhibiting the activation of T-cells, which are responsible for attacking the transplanted organ. This helps to reduce the immune response and increase the chances of transplant success.

Heterotrophs are bacteria that play a crucial role in the purification of sewage. They break down organic matter present in sewage through the process of decomposition, thereby reducing pollution and helping in the treatment of wastewater.

BOD stands for Biochemical Oxygen Demand. It is a measure of the amount of oxygen that microorganisms will consume while decomposing organic matter in water. It is an important parameter for assessing water quality.

In Sewage Treatment Plants (STPs), floating debris is removed by filtration, and grit (like sand and small stones) is removed by sedimentation. Filtration helps in removing large particles, while sedimentation allows heavier particles to settle at the bottom.

Bionemotocides are biological agents that control nematodes, which are harmful to cereal crops. These agents can include beneficial bacteria, fungi, or other organisms that target nematodes specifically, thereby protecting the crops.

Fungi are involved in both flocks and mycorrhiza. Flocks are aggregates of microorganisms, including fungi, used in wastewater treatment. Mycorrhiza involves a symbiotic association between fungi and plant roots, aiding in nutrient absorption.