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The ammonolysis of alkyl halides has a disadvantage. What is it?
The NCERT text states: 'Ammonolysis has the disadvantage of yielding a mixture of primary, secondary and tertiary amines and also a quaternary ammonium salt.'
To obtain primary amines as a major product from the ammonolysis of alkyl halides, what condition is typically used?
The text says: 'However, primary amine is obtained as a major product by taking large excess of ammonia.'
Reduction of nitriles with $LiAlH_4$ or catalytic hydrogenation leads to the formation of:
The text states: 'Nitriles on reduction with lithium aluminium hydride ($LiAlH_4$) or catalytic hydrogenation produce primary amines. This reaction is used for ascent of amine series, i.e., for preparation of amines containing one carbon atom more than the starting amine.'
Why are lower aliphatic amines soluble in water?
The context explains: 'Lower aliphatic amines are soluble in water because they can form hydrogen bonds with water molecules.'
Which of the following compounds will be more soluble in water? (Assume comparable molar masses)
The context provides a hint: 'Considering the electronegativity of nitrogen of amine and oxygen of alcohol as 3.0 and 3.5 respectively, you can predict the pattern of solubility of amines and alcohols in water.' And then it explicitly states: 'You may remember that alcohols are more polar than amines and form stronger intermolecular hydrogen bonds than amines.' Stronger hydrogen bonding with water implies better solubility.
What happens to the color of aniline and other arylamines on storage?
The text mentions: 'Aniline and other arylamines are usually colourless but get coloured on storage due to atmospheric oxidation.'
Which of the following acts as a nucleophile in chemical reactions?
The text clearly states: 'Moreover, amines behave as nucleophiles due to the presence of unshared electron pair.'
Among the given options, select the amine with the lowest $pK_b$ value, indicating it as the strongest base in aqueous phase.
The NCERT table (Table 9.3) provides $pK_b$ values. A smaller $pK_b$ value indicates a stronger base. Among the given options, N-Ethylethanamine has the lowest $pK_b$ of 3.00.
Which of the following describes the electrical nature of a zwitterion?
According to the NCERT text, 'In aqueous solution, the carboxyl group can lose a proton and amino group can accept a proton, giving rise to a dipolar ion known as zwitter ion. This is neutral but contains both positive and negative charges.'
All naturally occurring $\alpha$-amino acids are optically active EXCEPT:
The NCERT text states, 'Except glycine, all other naturally occurring $\alpha$-amino acids are optically active, since the $\alpha$-carbon atom is asymmetric.'
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