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How are vicinal dihalides named in the common name system?
The NCERT text states: 'In common name system, gem-dihalides are named as alkylidene halides and vic-dihalides are named as alkylene dihalides.'
What type of hybridisation does the carbon atom have to which the halogen is directly bonded in an aryl halide?
The NCERT text describes aryl halides as 'compounds in which the halogen atom is directly bonded to the sp2-hybridised carbon atom of an aromatic ring.' Also, the introductory text mentions 'haloarenes contain halogen atom(s) attached to sp2 hybridised carbon atom(s) of an aryl group.'
Which of the following refers to a tertiary alkyl halide?
The NCERT text states: 'Similarly, if halogen is attached to secondary or tertiary carbon atom, the alkyl halide is called secondary alkyl halide (2°) and tertiary (3°) alkyl halide, respectively.' A tertiary carbon atom is bonded to three other carbon atoms.
Haloalkanes are defined as compounds where the halogen atom(s) are attached to which type of hybridised carbon atom?
The introductory text mentions: 'Haloalkanes contain halogen atom(s) attached to the sp3 hybridised carbon atom of an alkyl group'.
What is the common name of $CH_2Cl_2$?
According to Table 6.1 in the NCERT text, the common name for $CH_2Cl_2$ is 'Methylene chloride'.
Which of the following is an example of a benzylic halide?
The NCERT text defines benzylic halides as 'compounds in which the halogen atom is bonded to an sp3-hybridised carbon atom attached to an aromatic ring.' From Table 6.1, 'Benzyl chloride' is given as an example with the structure C6H5CH2Cl, where Cl is attached to an $sp^3$ carbon adjacent to the benzene ring.
What is the IUPAC name for (CH3)2CHCH(Cl)CH3?
This structure is 2-Chloro-3-methylbutane. The longest carbon chain is 4 carbons long (butane). The chlorine is on the second carbon, and a methyl group is on the third carbon, following IUPAC rules for naming alkyl halides as halosubstituted hydrocarbons. The example '2-Bromo-3-methylbutane' for (CH3)2CHCHBrCH3 in the text confirms this logic.
Which term classifies compounds based on whether they contain one, two, or more halogen atoms in their structures?
The NCERT text begins the classification by stating: 'Haloalkanes and haloarenes may be classified as mono, di, or polyhalogen (tri-,tetra-, etc.) compounds depending on whether they contain one, two or more halogen atoms in their structures.'
Which of the following statements about the common names of alkyl halides is correct?
The NCERT text states: 'The common names of alkyl halides are derived by naming the alkyl group followed by the name of halide.'
What is the IUPAC name for $CH_3CH_2C(CH_3)_2CH_2I$?
The longest carbon chain is 4 carbons (butane). The iodine is on the first carbon, and there are two methyl groups on the second carbon. Thus, following IUPAC rules, it is named 1-Iodo-2,2-dimethylbutane.
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