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A compound is treated with ${NaNH}_{2}$ to give sodium salt. Identify the compound.

$C_{2} H_{2}$

$C_{6} H_{6}$

$C_{2} H_{6}$

$C_{2} H_{4}$

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Explanation

(a) Sodamide is strong base, attracts the more acidic hydrogen and gives sodium salt

$H - C \equiv C - H$ + ${NaNH}_{2}$ $\to$ $H - C \equiv C^{-} {Na}^{+}$ + $\frac{1}{2} H_{2}$

Sodium ethynide

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Ethylene forms ethylene chlorohydrin by the action of:

dry chlorine gas

dry hydrogen chlorine gas

solution of chlorine gas in water

dilute hydrochloric acid

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Explanation

${Cl}_{2} + H_{2} O \to \underset{hypochlorous Acid}{HOCl + HCl} {CH}_{2} = {CH}_{2} \overset{HOCl}{\to} \underset{OH}{\underset{|}{{CH}_{2}}} - \underset{Cl}{\underset{|}{{CH}_{2}}} (Ethylene chlorohydrin)$

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Ozonolysis of buta-1,3-diene gives:

HCHO and glyoxal

${CH}_{3} CHO$ and glyoxal

${CO}_{2}$ and glyoxal

HCHO + glyoxal + ${CH}_{3} CHO$

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The product formed during the reaction,

$CH \equiv CH$ + NaOCl $\overset{0 ° C}{\to}$ is:

1,2-dichloroethane

1,2-dichloroethanal

1,2-dichloroethene

1,2-dichloroethyne

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Explanation

(d) $CH \equiv CH$ $\to_{0 ° C}^{NaOCl} CCl \equiv CCl$

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2-methylpropene is isomeric with butene-1. They can be distinguished by:

Baeyer's reagent

ammoniacal ${AgNO}_{3}$

${Br}_{2}$ solution

$O_{3}$ , $Zn / H_{2} O$

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Explanation

(d) The ozonolysis of these two produces different products.

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Nitration of benzene is:

nucleophilic substitution

electrophilic substitution

electrophilic addition

nucleophilic addition

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Explanation

(b) Replacement of H-atom of ring usually takes place following $S_{E}$ reaction mechanism.

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Which of the following compounds has the lowest boiling point?

${CH}_{3} {CH}_{2} {CH}_{2} {CH}_{2} {CH}_{3}$

${CH}_{3} CH = CH - {CH}_{2} {CH}_{3}$

${CH}_{3} CH = CH - CH = {CH}_{2}$

${CH}_{3} {CH}_{2} {CH}_{2} {CH}_{3}$

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Explanation

(d) Boiling points of alkanes increase as the number of carbon atom increase or molecular mass increase. Alkenes have high boiling point, so ${CH}_{3} {CH}_{2} {CH}_{2} {CH}_{3}$ has the lowest boiling point.

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1-butyne on reaction with hot alkaline ${KMnO}_{4}$ gives:

${CH}_{3} {CH}_{2} {CH}_{2} COOH$

${CH}_{3} {CH}_{2} COOH$ + ${CO}_{2}$

${CH}_{3} {CH}_{2} COOH$

${CH}_{3} {CH}_{2} COOH$ + HCOOH

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Benzene reacts with ${CH}_{3} Cl$ in the presence of anhy. ${AlCl}_{3}$ to form

toluene

chlorobenzene

benzylchloride

xylene

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Explanation

The reaction of benzene with methyl chloride (CH3Cl) in the presence of anhydrous aluminum chloride (AlCl3) follows the Friedel-Crafts alkylation mechanism, where a methyl group is introduced onto the benzene ring to form toluene.

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$R - CH = {CH}_{2} \to_{C_{2} H_{5} OH}^{Na / {NH}_{3} (l)}$ ${RCH}_{2} {CH}_{3}$ is called:

Clemmensen reduction

Fisher-Spier reduction

Birch reduction

Arndt-Eistert reduction

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Explanation

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