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Aldehydes are produces in atmosphere by:

oxidation of secondary alcohols

reduction of alkenes

reaction of oxygen atoms with hydrocarbons

reaction of oxygen atoms with O₃

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Explanation

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Which structural unit is possessed by aldehyde and not ketone?

$α$ -H-atom

H-atom and carbonyl group

OH and carbonyl group

None of the above

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Explanation

(b) $— \underset{H}{\underset{|}{C}} = O$

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A compound A has molecular formula C₂Cl₃OH. It reduces Fehling's solution and on oxidatioin gives a monocarboxylic acid B. A is obtained by action of Cl₂ on ethyl alcohol. A is:

chloral

CHCl₃

CH₃Cl

chloro acetic acid

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Explanation

(a) CH₃CH₂OH $\overset{{Cl}_{2}}{\to}$ CH₃CHO $\overset{{Cl}_{2}}{\to}$ CCl₃CHO

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Carbonyl compounds when treated with sodium bisulphite solution generally a crystalline sodium bisulphite addition product is formed but which of the following carbonyl compound not forms crystalline addition product?

HCHO

CH₃CHO

CH₃COCH₃

C₂H₅COC₂H₅

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Explanation

(d) All aldehydes and methyl ketones give this reaction.

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The term hypnone is used for:

benzophenone

acetophenone

acetaldehyde

none of these

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Explanation

(b) Acetophenone is hypnotic agent and called hypnone in medicinal use.

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Collin's reageant causes the conversion:

>CO $\to$ >CHOH

>CHO $\to$ $-$ COOH

>CHOH $\to$ >CO

>CHOH $\to$ $-$ COOH

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Explanation

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C₆H₅CHO on reacting with Cl₂ gives:

C₆H₅CHCl₂

C₆H₅COOH

C₆H₅CH₂OH

C₆H₅COCl

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Explanation

(d) C₆H₅CHO $\overset{{Cl}_{2}}{\to}$ C₆H₅COCl

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Dialkyl cadmium reacts with a compound to form a ketone

The compound is:

acid

acid chloride

ester

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Explanation

(b) 2CH₃COCl+R₂Cd $\to$ 2CH₃COR+CdCl₂

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Ketones are less reactive than aldehydes because:

C=O group is less polar in ketones

of electromeric effect

of steric hindrance to the attacking reagent

none of the above

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Explanation

(c) >C $=$ O $\leftrightarrow$ > $\overset{+}{C} - \bar{O}$ the +ve IE of alkyl groups decreases +ve charge on C⁺ centre more effectively in ketones. Also, steric hindrance caused by bulky groups for nucleophiles to attack C⁺ centre.

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The important step in Cannizzaro's reaction is the intermolecular shift of:

proton

H-atom

hydride ion

hydronium ion

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Explanation

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