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All Physics Chemistry Botany Zoology

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Which event is not associated with prophase I?

Synizesis

Synapsis

Segregation

Terminalization

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Explanation

Segregation occurs in Anaphase.

Synizesis refers to a phenomenon sometimes observed in one of the subphases of meiosis. In this, the contraction of chromatin towards one side of the nucleus during the prophase of meiosis occurs. In certain plants like Lilium, the chromosomes are densely clumped to one side, no chromatin material being seen in the rest of the nucleus. This phenomenon is called synizesis and its significance is not clearly understood. It occurs during Leptotene.

(page-169)

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A cell cycle includes:

Interphase + M-phase / divisional phase

Prophase + Metaphase + Anaphase + Telophase

G₁ + S + G₂ – phase

Karyokinesis + Cytokinesis

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Explanation

A cell cycle includes:-

M phase: It represents the phase when the actual cell division or mitosis occurs.

Interphase: It represents the phase between two successive M phases.

(page-163)

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Interphase:

Includes karyokinesis and cytokinesis

Some time called resting phase, is the preparatory phase for division in which cell undergoes growth and DNA replication in an order

Is the shortest phase in which biomolecules are synthesised very fast

Includes 5% duration of the cell cycle

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Explanation

The interphase, though called the resting phase, is the time during which the cell is preparing for division by undergoing both cell growth and DNA replication in an orderly manner. The interphase is divided into three further phases: G1, S and G2 phase.

(page- 163)

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The sequence of events by which a cell duplicates its genome, synthesises other constituents of cells and eventually divides into daughter cells is termed as:

Interphase

M-phase

Karyokinesis + Cytokinesis

Cell cycle

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Explanation

The sequence of events by which a cell duplicates its genome, synthesises the other constituents of the cell and eventually divides into two daughter cells is termed cell cycle.

(page-162)

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Select the wrong statement:

Cell growth is a continuous process

Cytoplasmic content increase occurs only during one specific stage in the cell cycle

DNA synthesis occurs only during one specific phase of cell cycle

None of these

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Explanation

Correction: DNA synthesis occurs only during one specific stage in the cell cycle whereas increase in cytoplasmic content is a continuous process.

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Which one is correct for Go stage?
I. It is a quiescent stage
II. In this phase cell cycle is stopped
III. G0 cells in this stage do not grow or proliferate but metabolically active
IV. G0 cells can divide in response to some stimulus

All are correct

I, II, III are correct

I, II are correct

Only I and IV are correct

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Explanation

All of the above statements with respect to G₀ phase are correct.

(page-164)

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Which of the following statements is false?

Mitosis or the equational division is usually restricted to the 2N cells only

In onion 2N = 16

Growth and reproduction are characteristics of cells indeed of all living organism

In plants meristematic tissues show meiosis

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Explanation

Meiosis occurs in plants in anthers and ovary to form haploid gametes.

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At metaphase of mitosis, each chromosome consists of _______ chromatid(s) _______ centromere(s) ________ kinetochore(s) and _______ molecules of DNA:

2, 1, 2, 2

2, 2, 2, 2

2, 1, 1, 1

2, 1, 2, 1

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Explanation

Metaphase chromosomes are made up of 2 sister chromatids, held together by 1 centromere. Small disc-shaped structures at the surface of the centromeres are called kinetochores which are 2 in number. These structures serve as the sites of attachment of spindle fibres to the chromosomes.

(page-165)

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Centrosomes are:

Constricted regions of chromosomes

Regions where microtubules polymerise

Part of Cilia

The central part of the same cell

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Explanation

Centrosomes are made of two centrioles. It is an organelle that serves as the main microtubule organizing center (MTOC) of the animal cell.

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Cellular structures which disappear during late prophase and reappear during telophase are:

Mitochondria and spindle fibres

Plasma membrane

Nuclear membrane and nucleolus

Plastid

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Explanation

Nuclear membrane, nucleolus disappear during late prophase and then reappear during telophase.

(page-165)

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