NEET Practice Questions (MCQs) with Answers & Solutions

The immediate cause of induction of ovulation in the human female is the large plasma surge of Luteinizing Hormone (LH). This surge triggers the release of the mature egg from the ovarian follicle, a process known as ovulation. The LH surge is a critical event in the menstrual cycle and is often used as a marker for predicting ovulation.

Glucagon and insulin are hormones that are secreted by the pancreas but from different types of cells. Insulin is secreted by the beta cells of the islets of Langerhans, while glucagon is secreted by the alpha cells. They have opposite effects on blood glucose levels: insulin lowers blood glucose levels, while glucagon raises them.

Enterogastrone is a hormone secreted by the mucosa of the small intestine in response to the presence of fatty acids. It inhibits the secretion of gastric juice and slows down the process of gastric emptying, allowing more time for the digestion and absorption of fats.

Heavy jaws, long face, and long extremities are characteristic features of acromegaly, which is caused by the over secretion of growth hormone from the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland after puberty. This condition leads to the abnormal growth of bones and tissues.

FSH (Follicle-Stimulating Hormone) and LH (Luteinizing Hormone) are collectively referred to as Gonadotropins or Gonadotropic Hormones (GTH). These hormones are secreted by the anterior pituitary gland and play a crucial role in regulating the reproductive processes in both males and females.

Calciferol is another name for Vitamin D. A deficiency in Vitamin D can lead to Rickets, a condition characterized by weakened or softened bones in children. This occurs due to impaired bone mineralization, which is essential for healthy bone development.

Tyrosine is the precursor for several important substances, including adrenaline (a hormone and neurotransmitter), thyroxin (a thyroid hormone), and melanin (a pigment responsible for skin, hair, and eye color). This amino acid undergoes various biochemical modifications to form these compounds.

Tetany is a condition caused by low levels of calcium in the blood, which can result from a deficiency of the parathyroid hormone. The parathyroid hormone plays a crucial role in regulating calcium levels in the blood.

Luteinizing hormone (LH) is essential for ovulation. A deficiency in LH can lead to the failure of ovulation, which is a critical process in the female reproductive system.

Hormones can be chemically classified into proteins, steroids, and biogenic amines. For example, insulin is a protein hormone, cortisol is a steroid hormone, and adrenaline is a biogenic amine.