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Which of the following diseases is also called Christmas disease?
(d) Haemophilia B is due to deficiency of factor IX (Christmas factor). The patient may experience prolonged bleeding following any injury or wound, and in severe cases there is spontaneous bleeding into muscles and joints.
The opening between the right atrium and the right ventricle is guarded by the valve named
(b) The opening between the right atrium and right ventricle is guarded by a valve formed of three muscular flaps or cusps, the tricuspid valve.
Ventricular diastole occurs due to a/an
(c) Ventricular diastole is the relaxation of ventricles that occurs due to the tissue. The tissue of heart results in contraction and relation due to their electrical activity. ​The contraction of the tissue of atria increases blood pressure that results in the opening of bicuspid and tricusid valves and blood rushes insdie the ventricles causing their relaxation (diastole).
What is the oxidation state of iron in haemoglobin?
(b) RBCs contain haemoglobin. It has four polypeptide chains and four haem groups attached to it or 4 atoms of iron in ferrous form (Fe2+), thus it can react with 4 molecules of oxygen to form oxyhaemoglobin.
Which one of the following vitamins is anti-haemorrhagic?
(d) Anti-haemorrhagic vitamins are those substances which promote haemostasis or stop bleeding. Vitamin K is one of them.
Mature RBCs lose their ability for
(d) Matured mammalian RBCs do not have cell organelles including nucleus, Golgi bodies mitochondria, ribosomes, centrioles and endoplasmic reticulum. It increases the surface area of RBCs and enables them to contain more haemoglobin. In the absence of cell organelles, the consumption of oxygen is very low and thus anaerobic respiration occurs in RBCs. Mature RBCs cannot replicate and cannot synthesize RNA as they do not possess machinery required (e.g., various enzymes) for replication and RNA synthesis.
Which of the following human organs is called the 'graveyard of RBCs?
The average lifespan of human RBCs is 120 days. The aged RBCs attract autoantibodies after which they are attached by macrophage in liver and spleen. Spleen is also called as 'graveyard of RBCs'. The process of destruction is called haemolysis.
In the blood of an adult man the total content of haemoglobin is roughly
(a) Aactually per 100 ml of blood there is about 15 gm of haemoglobin in adults & an adult has about 5 lit of blood, the total content of haemoglobin is roughly 700 to 900 grams.
Which of the following matches correctly?
(a) Factor II - Prothrombin
(b) Factor III - Thromboplastin
(c) Factor VIII - Antihaemophilic globulin
(d) Factor XII - Hageman factor
The thread like tendons of papillary muscles inserted upon the flaps of tricuspid and bicuspid valves are
(a) The chordae tendineae or heart strings are cords like tendons that connect the papillary muscles to tricuspid valve and the mitral valve in the heart. The chordae tendinae prevents the flaps from being everted upto the right atrium, these cord-like tendons hold in position other flaps, such as bicuspid or mitral valve.
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