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How many bones make up the human skeleton?
In human beings, skeletal system is made up of 206 bones and a few cartilages. It is grouped into two principal divisions – the axial and the appendicular skeleton.
(page-309)
Number of bones in human axial skeleton is:
Axial skeleton comprises 80 bones distributed along the main axis of the body. The skull, vertebral column, sternum and ribs constitute axial skeleton.
(page-309)
Match Column-I with Column-II:
Column-I Column-II (Number of bones)
A. Cranium / Brainbox I. 22
B. Skull (Cranial and facial bones) II. 8
C. Face III. 14
D. Hind limb IV. 12 pairs
E. Ribs V. 30
Cranium: They are 8 in number. They form the hard protective outer covering, cranium for the brain.
Skull: The skull is composed of two sets of bones –cranial and facial, that totals to 22 bones.
Face: The facial region is made up of 14 skeletal elements which form the front part of the skull.
Hind limb: Each limb is made of 30 bones.
Ribs: There are 12 pairs of ribs.
(page- 310)
Human skull is:
The skull region articulates with the superior region of the vertebral
column with the help of two occipital condyles, thus it is referred to as
dicondylic skull.
(page-309, 310)
Which of the following statements about human vertebral column is false:
Our vertebral column is formed by 26 serially arranged units called vertebrae and is dorsally placed.
(page-310)
Human adult vertebral formula is:
The vertebral column is differentiated into cervical (7), thoracic (12), lumbar (5), sacral (1-fused) and coccygeal (1-fused) regions starting from the skull.
(page-310)
Typical ribs are:
Each rib is a thin flat bone connected dorsally to the vertebral column and ventrally to the sternum. It has two articulation surfaces on its dorsal end and is hence called dicephalic
(page-310)
Match the Column-I with Column-II:
Column-I Column-II
A. True ribs I. 3 pairs
B. False ribs II. 2 pairs
C. Floating ribs III. 7 pairs
True ribs: First seven pairs of ribs are called true ribs.
False ribs: The 8th, 9th and 10th pairs of ribs do not articulate directly with the sternum but join the seventh rib with the help of hyaline cartilage. These are called vertebrochondral (false) ribs.
Floating ribs: Last 2 pairs (11th and 12th) of ribs are not connected ventrally and are therefore, called floating ribs.
(page-310)
Number of the bones in human appendicular skeleton is:
The bones of the limbs alongwith their girdles constitute the appendicular
skeleton.
(page-311)
Number of bone in each upper limb is:
The bones of the hand (fore limb) are humerus, radius and ulna one each, carpals (wrist bones – 8 in number), metacarpals (palm bones – 5 in number) and phalanges (digits – 14 in number).
(page-311)
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