NEET Practice Questions (MCQs) with Answers & Solutions

The text states: 'According to IUPAC system, the name of an alcohol is derived from the name of the alkane from which the alcohol is derived, by substituting ‘e’ of alkane with the suffix ‘ol’.'

Table 7.2 lists the compound $\text{C}_6\\text{H}_5\\text{O(CH}_2\\text{)}_6\\text{CH}_3$ as 'Heptyl phenyl ether' by common name and '1-Phenoxyheptane' by IUPAC name. The larger group is chosen as the parent hydrocarbon (heptane), and the smaller group with oxygen becomes the alkoxy substituent (phenoxy).

The text explicitly states: 'The simplest hydroxy derivative of benzene is phenol. It is its common name and also an accepted IUPAC name.'

Benzylic alcohols are those in which the —OH group is attached to an $\text{sp}^3$-hybridised carbon atom next to an aromatic ring. $\text{C}_6\\text{H}_5\\text{CH}_2\\text{OH}$ (benzyl alcohol) fits this description. $\text{CH}_2\\text{=CH-OH}$ is a vinylic alcohol, $\text{CH}_3\\text{CH(OH)CH}_3$ is a secondary propanol, and $\text{CH}_2\\text{=CH-CH}_2\\text{OH}$ is an allylic alcohol.

According to the NCERT text, 'Higher the category, greater is the difficulty of determining the relationship to other taxa at the same level.' Therefore, the statement 'simpler is the difficulty' is incorrect.

The NCERT states, 'The scientific term for these categories is taxa. Here you must recognise that taxa can indicate categories at very different levels.' Examples given are 'Plants', 'Wheat', 'Animals', 'Mammals', 'Dogs'.

The NCERT text mentions, 'Insects represent a group of organisms sharing common features like three pairs of jointed legs. It means insects are recognisable concrete objects which can be classified, and thus were given a rank or category.'

The taxonomic hierarchy, in ascending order starting from the lowest, is Species, Genus, Family, Order, Class, Phylum/Division, Kingdom. This is explicitly shown in Figure 1.1 and discussed in the 'Taxonomic Categories' section.

From Table 1.1, for Man: Order is Primata and Class is Mammalia, indicating that Primata is a sub-category of Mammalia. Option 1 is incorrect as Homo is a genus, and Primata is an order. Option 2 is incorrect; humans belong to Phylum Chordata, not Class. Option 4 is incorrect; humans are Primata, houseflies are Diptera.

The NCERT states, 'as we go higher from species to kingdom, the number of common characteristics goes on decreasing. ...Higher the category, greater is the difficulty of determining the relationship to other taxa at the same level. Hence, the problem of classification becomes more complex.'