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What is the widely used diagnostic test for AIDS mentioned in the context?
The NCERT text explicitly mentions, 'A widely used diagnostic test for AIDS is enzyme linked immuno-sorbent assay (ELISA).'
Which enzyme is crucial for the replication of HIV's RNA genome into viral DNA inside the host cell?
The NCERT states, 'After getting into the body of the person, the virus enters into macrophages where RNA genome of the virus replicates to form viral DNA with the help of the enzyme reverse transcriptase.'
What is the effectiveness of anti-retroviral drugs in treating AIDS patients?
The NCERT states, 'Treatment of AIDS with anti-retroviral drugs is only partially effective. They can only prolong the life of the patient but cannot prevent death, which is inevitable.'
What is the typical time-lag between HIV infection and the appearance of AIDS symptoms?
The NCERT text states, 'There is always a time-lag between the infection and appearance of AIDS symptoms. This period may vary from a few months to many years (usually 5-10 years).'
What is the primary reason why HIV/AIDS-infected persons should not be isolated from family and society?
The NCERT states, 'It is, hence, imperative, for the physical and psychological well-being, that the HIV/AIDS infected persons are not isolated from family and society. ...HIV/AIDS-infected people need help and sympathy instead of being shunned by society. Unless society recognises it as a problem to be dealt with in a collective manner – the chances of wider spread of the disease increase manifold.'
Which Indian organization is actively involved in educating people about AIDS?
The NCERT states, 'In our country the National AIDS Control Organisation (NACO) and other non-governmental organisation (NGOs) are doing a lot to educate people about AIDS.'
Which of the following is NOT a common complication of untreated Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs)?
The context clearly states that complications of STIs include Pelvic Inflammatory Diseases (PIDs), still birth, and infertility. Psoriasis is a chronic autoimmune skin condition and is not listed as a complication of STIs in the provided text.
Which of the following STIs can also be transmitted by sharing injection needles, surgical instruments, or from an infected mother to the foetus?
The text mentions, 'Some of these infections like hepatitis–B and HIV can also be transmitted by sharing of injection needles, surgical instruments, etc., with infected persons, transfusion of blood, or from an infected mother to the foetus too.'
All of the following STIs are completely curable if detected early and treated properly, EXCEPT:
The context states, 'Except for hepatitis-B, genital herpes and HIV infections, other diseases are completely curable if detected early and treated properly.' Therefore, genital herpes is not completely curable.
The primary reason why infected females with STIs may remain undetected for long durations is:
The text explains, 'Infected females may often be asymptomatic and hence, may remain undetected for long. Absence or less significant symptoms in the early stages of infection and the social stigma attached to the STIs, deter the infected persons from going for timely detection and proper treatment.'
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