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Which of the following describes the anatomical position of the kidneys in the human body?
According to the NCERT text, 'Kidneys are reddish brown, bean shaped structures situated between the levels of last thoracic and third lumbar vertebra close to the dorsal inner wall of the abdominal cavity.'
What is the average length, width, and thickness of an adult human kidney?
The NCERT states: 'Each kidney of an adult human measures 10-12 cm in length, 5-7 cm in width, 2-3 cm in thickness with an average weight of 120-170 g.'
The tough outer layer of the kidney described in the NCERT text is called the:
The NCERT text explicitly mentions: 'The outer layer of kidney is a tough capsule.'
Which structure serves as the entry point for the ureter, blood vessels, and nerves into the kidney?
As per the NCERT description: 'Towards the centre of the inner concave surface of the kidney is a notch called hilum through which ureter, blood vessels and nerves enter.'
What are the conical masses projecting into the calyces within the kidney's medulla?
The NCERT states: 'The medulla is divided into a few conical masses (medullary pyramids) projecting into the calyces (sing.: calyx).'
The broad funnel-shaped space inside the kidney, inner to the hilum, with projections called calyces, is known as the:
According to the NCERT text: 'Inner to the hilum is a broad funnel shaped space called the renal pelvis with projections called calyces.'
Which of the following structures is NOT part of the human excretory system as listed by NCERT?
The NCERT states, 'In humans, the excretory system consists of a pair of kidneys, one pair of ureters, a urinary bladder and a urethra.' The gallbladder is part of the digestive system.
The functional unit of the human kidney is the:
The NCERT states: 'Each kidney has over a million tubular structures called nephrons. Nephron is the functional unit of kidney...'
The renal tubule begins with a double-walled cup-like structure called the:
The NCERT describes: 'The renal tubule starts with a double walled Bowman’s capsule...'
What is the cluster of capillaries formed from afferent arterioles, and enclosed by Bowman's capsule, known as?
The NCERT mentions: 'The Bowman’s capsule encloses the glomerulus to form Malpighian or renal corpuscle.' The glomerulus itself is a tuft of capillaries.
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The bank mixes NEET previous year questions (PYQs) with practice questions, each tagged with its exam appearances where applicable.