NEET Practice Questions (MCQs) with Answers & Solutions

The NCERT text specifies: 'Most prokaryotic cells, particularly the bacterial cells, have a chemically complex cell envelope. The cell envelope consists of a tightly bound three layered structure i.e., the outermost glycocalyx followed by the cell wall and then the plasma membrane.' This indicates the cell wall is outside the plasma membrane, but beneath the glycocalyx if present.

The text mentions: 'All prokaryotes have a cell wall surrounding the cell membrane except in mycoplasma.'

The NCERT text states: 'The cell envelope consists of a tightly bound three layered structure i.e., the outermost glycocalyx followed by the cell wall and then the plasma membrane.'

The text says: 'The cell wall of a young plant cell, the primary wall is capable of growth, which gradually diminishes as the cell matures and the secondary wall is formed on the inner (towards membrane) side of the cell.'

The NCERT text explains: 'Bacteria can be classified into two groups on the basis of the differences in the cell envelopes and the manner in which they respond to the staining procedure developed by Gram viz., those that take up the gram stain are Gram positive and the others that do not are called Gram negative bacteria.'

The context states: 'Equilibrium states of a thermodynamic system are described by state variables. The value of a state variable depends only on the particular state, not on the path used to arrive at that state. Examples of state variables are pressure (P ), volume (V ), temperature (T ), and mass (m ). Heat and work are not state variables.'

The context clearly states: 'The Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics led us to the concept of temperature that agrees with our commonsense notion.' and 'We have arrived at the concept of temperature formally via the Zeroth Law.'

The Zeroth Law states: 'two systems in thermal equilibrium with a third system separately are in thermal equilibrium with each other'. This implies that if $T_A = T_C$ and $T_B = T_C$, then $T_A = T_B$, meaning A and B are in thermal equilibrium.

The context defines internal energy: 'Internal energy is simply the sum of the kinetic energies and potential energies of these molecules... Internal energy is thus, the sum of molecular kinetic and potential energies in the frame of reference relative to which the centre of mass of the system is at rest.'

The context mentions: 'Heat flows from the body at a higher temperature to the one at lower temperature. The flow stops when the temperatures equalise; the two bodies are then in thermal equilibrium.'