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NEET Practice Questions (MCQs) with Answers & Solutions

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The discovery of sub-atomic particles eventually led to the proposal of various atomic models, including those by Thomson and Rutherford. Which statement about the divisibility of atoms is most accurate given this context?

A. Atoms were always considered indivisible particles. B. Atoms were proven to be divisible and consist of fundamental particles towards the end of the nineteenth century. C. Atoms became divisible only after the advent of quantum mechanics. D. Thomson's model was the first to propose that atoms are indivisible.

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Explanation

The NCERT text states, 'Towards the end of the nineteenth century, it was proved experimentally that atoms are divisible and consist of three fundamental particles: electrons, protons and neutrons.' This led to the need for atomic models like Thomson's and Rutherford's.

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Why did Rutherford's model face difficulty in explaining the stability of an atom?

A. It proposed a positive nucleus, which was experimentally disproven. B. It couldn't explain the discrete line spectra observed for elements. C. Classical physics dictates that accelerating electrons should continuously radiate energy and spiral into the nucleus. D. The model suggested that electrons are stationary, which contradicts their observed movement.

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Explanation

The NCERT highlights this as a major difficulty: 'It predicts that atoms are unstable because the accelerated electrons revolving around the nucleus must spiral into the nucleus. This contradicts the stability of matter.'

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Which of the following describes the skeletal structure of Echinodermata?

A. Endoskeleton of chitinous plates B. Exoskeleton of calcareous ossicles C. Endoskeleton of calcareous ossicles D. Exoskeleton of protein fibers

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Explanation

According to the NCERT text, 'These animals have an endoskeleton of calcareous ossicles and, hence, the name Echinodermata (Spiny bodied).' This clearly indicates an endoskeleton made of calcareous ossicles.

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Regarding the symmetry of Echinodermata, which statement is correct?

A. Both adults and larvae are radially symmetrical. B. Both adults and larvae are bilaterally symmetrical. C. Adults are radially symmetrical, while larvae are bilaterally symmetrical. D. Adults are bilaterally symmetrical, while larvae are radially symmetrical.

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Explanation

The NCERT states, 'The adult echinoderms are radially symmetrical but larvae are bilaterally symmetrical.' This highlights the dual symmetry observed in their life cycle.

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What is the primary function of the water vascular system in Echinodermata?

A. Excretion and osmoregulation B. Locomotion, food capture, and respiration C. Circulation of blood and nutrients D. Reproduction and larval dispersal

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Explanation

The NCERT explicitly mentions, 'The most distinctive feature of echinoderms is the presence of water vascular system which helps in locomotion, capture and transport of food and respiration.'

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Which of the following organ systems is notably absent in Echinodermata?

A. Digestive system B. Reproductive system C. Excretory system D. Nervous system

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Explanation

The text states, 'An excretory system is absent' in Echinodermata.

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In Echinodermata, where is the mouth typically located?

A. On the upper (dorsal) side B. On the lower (ventral) side C. Laterally on the body D. At the posterior end

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Explanation

The NCERT describes the digestive system as 'complete with mouth on the lower (ventral) side and anus on the upper (dorsal) side.'

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All Echinoderms are exclusively found in which type of habitat?

A. Freshwater B. Terrestrial C. Marine D. Brackish water

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Explanation

The text clearly states regarding Echinodermata that 'All are marine'.

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Which of the following is an example of an Echinoderm?

A. Pila B. Octopus C. Asterias D. Balanoglossus

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Explanation

The examples provided for Phylum Echinodermata include 'Asterias (Star fish)'. Pila and Octopus belong to Mollusca, and Balanoglossus belongs to Hemichordata.

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What kind of development is observed in Echinodermata?

A. Direct development with no larval stage B. Indirect development with a free-swimming larva C. Direct development with metamorphosis D. Both direct and indirect development

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Explanation

The NCERT states, 'Development is indirect with free-swimming larva', for Echinodermata.

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