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NEET 2025
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Cardiac activities of the heart are regulated by: A. Nodal tissue B. A special neural centre in the medulla oblongata C. Adrenal medullary hormones D. Adrenal cortical hormones Choose the correct answer:

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Explanation

The heart beat is initiated by nodal tissue (A), moderated by a neural centre in the medulla oblongata (B) via the autonomic nervous system, and by adrenal medullary hormones (C). Adrenal cortical hormones do not directly regulate cardiac activity.

NEET 2025
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In the represented plasmid an alien piece of DNA is inserted at the EcoRI site. Which of the following strategies will be chosen to select the recombinant colonies?

BamH1 Tet R Ori EcoRI β Galactosidase amp DNA inserted at EcoRI site
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Explanation

Inserting DNA at the EcoRI site within the β-galactosidase (lacZ) gene inactivates it (insertional inactivation). Recombinants cannot hydrolyse the chromogenic substrate, so they form white colonies; non-recombinants form blue colonies.

NEET 2025
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Which of the following genetically engineered organisms was used by Eli Lilly to prepare human insulin?

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Explanation

Eli Lilly produced human insulin (Humulin) using genetically engineered Escherichia coli — a bacterium expressing the A and B insulin chains.

NEET 2025
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Name the class of enzyme that usually catalyzes the following reaction: $S–G + S^\# \to S + S^\#–G$. Where, $G$ → a group other than hydrogen, $S$ → a substrate, $S^\#$ → another substrate.

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Explanation

Transfer of a chemical group $G$ (other than H) from one substrate to another is catalysed by transferases.

NEET 2025
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Which are correct: A. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging detect cancers of internal organs. B. Chemotherapeutics drugs are used to kill non-cancerous cells. C. α-interferon activate the cancer patients' immune system and helps in destroying the tumour. D. Chemotherapeutic drugs are biological response modifiers. E. In the case of leukaemia blood cell counts are decreased. Choose the correct answer:

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Explanation

CT and MRI detect internal cancers (A correct) and α-interferon activates the immune system against tumours (C correct). B, D and E are wrong (chemo kills cancer cells; α-interferons—not chemo drugs—are biological response modifiers; leukaemia raises WBC counts).

NEET 2025
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Match List - I with List - II:

List - I — A. Centromere, B. Cilium, C. Cristae, D. Cell membrane

List - II — I. Mitochondrion, II. Cell division, III. Cell movement, IV. Phospholipid Bilayer

Choose the correct answer:

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Explanation

Centromere → cell division (II); Cilium → cell movement (III); Cristae → mitochondrion (I); Cell membrane → phospholipid bilayer (IV).

NEET 2025
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Find the correct statements: A. In human pregnancy, the major organ systems are formed at the end of 12 weeks. B. In human pregnancy, the major organ systems are formed at the end of 8 weeks. C. In human pregnancy heart is formed after one month of gestation. D. In human pregnancy, limbs and digits develop by the end of second month. E. In human pregnancy the appearance of hair is usually observed in the fifth month. Choose the correct answer:

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Explanation

By the end of 12 weeks (first trimester) most major organ systems are formed (A). The heart forms in the first month (C); limbs and digits by the end of two months (D); body hair appears around the fifth month (E). B is wrong.

NEET 2025
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Which of the following correctly describes the transport activity in the proximal (P) and distal (D) convoluted tubule of the nephron?

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Explanation

The PCT reabsorbs most HCO₃⁻, NaCl and water and secretes H⁺ and NH₃ to maintain pH; the DCT reabsorbs NaCl and water and secretes K⁺ and H⁺ under hormonal control.

NEET 2025
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Identify the part of a bio-reactor which is used as a foam breaker from the given figure.

B C A D
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Explanation

The foam breaker is the uppermost component (B) of the stirred-tank bioreactor; it controls/breaks the foam formed during aeration and agitation.

NEET 2025
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A specialised membranous structure in a prokaryotic cell which helps in cell wall formation, DNA replication and respiration is:

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Explanation

Mesosomes are extensions of the plasma membrane in prokaryotes that aid cell-wall formation, DNA replication and distribution, respiration and secretion.

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