NEET Practice Questions (MCQs) with Answers & Solutions

Polysomes, also known as polyribosomes, are a cluster of ribosomes bound to an mRNA molecule, playing a key role in the synthesis of proteins. They facilitate the translation of mRNA into proteins by enabling multiple ribosomes to read a single mRNA strand simultaneously.

Variable number tandem repeats (VNTR), also called mini-satellites, are among the families of repetitive DNA dispersed in the genome. ... The method, called DNA fingerprinting, is used to identify a particular person in forensic cases, or to establish parenthood.

The degeneracy of the genetic code refers to the fact that multiple codons can encode the same amino acid. This is why 61 codons can specify only 20 amino acids. It provides a level of redundancy, which helps to buffer against mutations in the DNA sequence.

DNA ligase is the enzyme responsible for joining Okazaki fragments during DNA replication. It catalyzes the formation of a phosphodiester bond between the 3' end of one fragment and the 5' end of another, thus creating a continuous DNA strand.

The experiment you're referring to is similar to the famous Griffith's experiment with Streptococcus pneumoniae. When heat-killed pathogenic (virulent) bacteria and live non-pathogenic (non-virulent) bacteria are injected into mice, the mice develop the disease and die. This is because the non-pathogenic bacteria take up genetic material from the heat-killed pathogenic bacteria, transforming into a virulent form and causing disease.

In maize (corn), fibrous roots develop from the lower nodes of the stem. These roots are part of the adventitious root system, which helps in providing additional support to the plant.

Eichhornia, commonly known as water hyacinth, has root pockets. These root pockets help in buoyancy and are a characteristic feature of this aquatic plant.

Root hairs develop from the region of maturation. This region is also known as the zone of differentiation, where cells differentiate and mature into various specialized cells, including root hair cells. Root hairs are important for water and nutrient absorption.

Potatoes are borne on the axil of scaly leaves. Potatoes are modified stems known as tubers, which develop from the stolons (underground stems) that grow from the axils of the leaves.

Sweet potato is a modification of an adventitious root. Unlike regular roots, adventitious roots arise from non-root tissues, such as stems or leaves, and they often serve different functions like storage, as seen in sweet potatoes.