Classification of Living Organisms MCQs for NEET — Botany Questions with Answers

The index of plant species in a particular area is studied through a 'Flora,' which is a systematic account of the plant species found in that region. Floras provide descriptions, identification keys, and other relevant information about the plants of a specific geographical area.

NCERT page nmber-14

NCERT page nmber-14

The NCERT text states: 'The branch of knowledge dealing with these aspects [identification, nomenclature and classification of organisms] is referred to as taxonomy.'

The context mentions: 'The scope of systematics was later enlarged to include identification, nomenclature and classification. Systematics takes into account evolutionary relationships between organisms.'

The NCERT text explicitly states: 'These taxonomic groups/categories are distinct biological entities and not merely morphological aggregates.' Therefore, option o3 is incorrect.

The text states: 'as we go higher from species to kingdom, the number of common characteristics goes on decreasing. Lower the taxa, more are the characteristics that the members within the taxon share.'

The summary of 'Biological Classification' chapter mentions: 'Biological classification of plants and animals was first proposed by Aristotle on the basis of simple morphological characters.'

The main criteria for Whittaker's Five Kingdom Classification were stated as: 'cell structure, body organisation, mode of nutrition and reproduction, and phylogenetic relationships.' While pigmentation is related to nutrition, 'pigmentation for photosynthesis' itself is not listed as a main criterion, but rather 'mode of nutrition'.

The text states: 'Such a classification for flowering plants was given by George Bentham and Joseph Dalton Hooker.' This comes after the discussion of 'natural classification systems developed, which were based on natural affinities among the organisms and consider, not only the external features, but also internal features, like ultra-structure, anatomy, embryology and phytochemistry.'