Classification of Living Organisms MCQs for NEET — Botany Questions with Answers

The text mentions: 'Such systems were artificial; they separated the closely related species since they were based on a few characteristics. Also, the artificial systems gave equal weightage to vegetative and sexual characteristics; this is not acceptable since we know that often the vegetative characters are more easily affected by environment.'

The text states: 'This system did not distinguish between the eukaryotes and prokaryotes, unicellular and multicellular organisms and photosynthetic (green algae) and non-photosynthetic (fungi) organisms.'

The text describes: 'Numerical Taxonomy which is now easily carried out using computers is based on all observable characteristics. Number and codes are assigned to all the characters and the data are then processed. In this way each character is given equal importance and at the same time hundreds of characters can be considered.'

Figure 1.1 and the accompanying text illustrate the taxonomic categories in ascending order: Species -> Genus -> Family -> Order -> Class -> Phylum/Division -> Kingdom.

The text specifies: 'In case of plants, classes with a few similar characters are assigned to a higher category called Division.'

The summary of 'Biological Classification' states: 'Some acellular organisms like viruses and viroids as well as the lichens are not included in the five kingdom system of classification.'

The text indicates: 'Cytotaxonomy that is based on cytological information like chromosome number, structure, behaviour...'

The text specifies: 'Fungi, and members of the Monera and Protista having cell walls have now been excluded from Plantae though earlier classifications placed them in the same kingdom.'

The text states: 'Obviously, nomenclature or naming is only possible when the organism is described correctly and we know to what organism the name is attached to. This is identification.' Therefore, nomenclature presupposes correct description and identification.

The text explicitly mentions: 'For plants, scientific names are based on agreed principles and criteria, which are provided in International Code for Botanical Nomenclature (ICBN).'