Practice free Growth and Development in Plants (Botany) NEET multiple-choice questions online with instant answers and detailed explanations. No login required.
What is the term for the growth of a given system per unit time expressed on a common basis, e.g., per unit initial parameter?
NCERT defines it: 'The growth of the given system per unit time expressed on a common basis, e.g., per unit initial parameter is called the relative growth rate.'
In geometric growth, what causes the growth to slow down, leading to a stationary phase?
According to the NCERT text, 'However, with limited nutrient supply, the growth slows down leading to a stationary phase' in geometric growth.
Which type of growth is characteristic of living organisms growing in a natural environment and typically produces an S-curve?
NCERT states, 'If we plot the parameter of growth against time, we get a typical sigmoid or S-curve (Figure 13.6). A sigmoid curve is a characteristic of living organism growing in a natural environment' which refers to geometric growth.
What is the primary role of water in plant growth, as described in the context?
The text explains: 'The plant cells grow in size by cell enlargement which in turn requires water. Turgidity of cells helps in extension growth. Thus, plant growth and further development is intimately linked to the water status of the plant. Water also provides the medium for enzymatic activities needed for growth.'
Which phase of growth is characterized by cells attaining their maximal size in terms of wall thickening and protoplasmic modifications?
NCERT mentions, 'Further away from the apex, i.e., more proximal to the phase of elongation, lies the portion of axis which is undergoing the phase of maturation. The cells of this zone, attain their maximal size in terms of wall thickening and protoplasmic modifications.'
What is the initial phase of geometric growth often associated with slow growth?
In geometric growth, 'the initial growth is slow (lag phase), and it increases rapidly thereafter – at an exponential rate (log or exponential phase).'
In arithmetic growth, if the length at time zero ($L_0$) is 10 mm and the growth rate ($r$) is 2 mm/day, what will be the length ($L_t$) after 5 days?
Using the arithmetic growth formula $L_t = L_0 + rt$: $L_t = 10 ext{ mm} + (2 ext{ mm/day} imes 5 ext{ days}) = 10 ext{ mm} + 10 ext{ mm} = 20 ext{ mm}$.
Which of the following describes the process where cells derived from meristems mature to perform specific functions, undergoing structural changes in cell walls and protoplasm?
The context states: 'The cells derived from root apical and shoot-apical meristems and cambium differentiate and mature to perform specific functions. This act leading to maturation is termed as differentiation. During differentiation, cells undergo few to major structural changes both in their cell walls and protoplasm.'
Which of the following is an example of structural changes observed during differentiation of a tracheary element?
The context states: 'For example, to form a tracheary element, the cells would lose their protoplasm. They also develop a very strong, elastic, lignocellulosic secondary cell walls, to carry water to long distances even under extreme tension.'
Which of the following plant structures are formed through dedifferentiation from fully differentiated parenchyma cells?
The context provides an example: 'For example, formation of meristems – interfascicular cambium and cork cambium from fully differentiated parenchyma cells.' Vascular cambium is mentioned as a lateral meristem in another section, contributing to secondary growth which involves processes like dedifferentiation and redifferentiation.
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