Practice free Organism and Population (Botany) NEET multiple-choice questions online with instant answers and detailed explanations. No login required.
What is the common term used for the S-shaped curve observed in logistic growth?
The context states: 'A plot of N in relation to time (t) results in a sigmoid curve. This type of population growth is called Verhulst-Pearl Logistic Growth (Figure 11.3)'.
When a population undergoing logistic growth reaches its carrying capacity (K), what happens to its growth rate ($dN/dt$)?
In the logistic growth equation, $dN/dt = rN((K-N)/K)$, when $N = K$, then $(K-N)$ becomes 0, making the entire expression for $dN/dt$ equal to 0. The context also mentions the asymptote 'when the population density reaches the carrying capacity'.
If a species is growing exponentially under unlimited resource conditions, what can be predicted about its population density in a short time?
The context states: 'Any species growing exponentially under unlimited resource conditions can reach enormous population densities in a short time.'
The anecdote about the king and the chess game (doubling wheat grains on squares) is used to dramatically demonstrate which concept?
The context explicitly states: 'The following is an anecdote popularly narrated to demonstrate dramatically how fast a huge population could build up when growing exponentially.'
Which of the following factors plays a direct role in limiting exponential growth and transforming it into logistic growth?
The context states: 'No population of any species in nature has at its disposal unlimited resources to permit exponential growth. This leads to competition between individuals for limited resources.' This scarcity of resources is what drives the shift to logistic growth.
The logistic growth equation is given by $dN/dt = rN((K-N)/K)$. What happens to the growth rate ($dN/dt$) if the population density (N) is very small compared to the carrying capacity (K)?
If N is very small compared to K, then $(K-N)/K$ is approximately equal to $K/K = 1$. In this scenario, the logistic growth equation $dN/dt = rN((K-N)/K)$ simplifies to approximately $dN/dt = rN$, which is the equation for exponential growth. Thus, the growth rate is nearly exponential.
Which of the following scenarios best defines competition in an ecological context, according to the provided text?
The text states: 'Therefore, competition is best defined as a process in which the fitness of one species (measured in terms of its ‘r’ the intrinsic rate of increase) is significantly lower in the presence of another species.' While options 1 and 2 describe aspects of competition, option 3 provides the most precise and comprehensive definition given in the context.
Gause's 'Competitive Exclusion Principle' states that:
The text clearly states: 'Gause’s ‘Competitive Exclusion Principle’ states that two closely related species competing for the same resources cannot co-exist indefinitely and the competitively inferior one will be eliminated'.
Which of the following is an example of 'competitive release'?
The text defines 'competitive release' as: 'A species whose distribution is restricted to a small geographical area because of the presence of a competitively superior species, is found to expand its distributional range dramatically when the competing species is experimentally removed.'
In Connell's elegant field experiments on the rocky sea coasts of Scotland, which barnacle species dominated the intertidal area?
The text mentions: 'Connell’s elegant field experiments showed that on the rocky sea coasts of Scotland, the larger and competitively superior barnacle Balanus dominates the intertidal area, and excludes the smaller barnacle Chathamalus from that zone.'
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