Respiration MCQs for NEET — Botany Questions with Answers

The electron transport system (ETS) in mitochondria is located in the inner mitochondrial membrane. This membrane contains the protein complexes and electron carriers required for the transport of electrons and production of ATP through oxidative phosphorylation.

In bacteria, the site for respiration is the mesosome. Mesosomes are infoldings of the plasma membrane that are associated with cellular respiration and play a pivotal role in the process, similar to the function of mitochondria in eukaryotic cells.

Cytochrome P-450 is not a coloured cell but a family of enzymes containing iron that play a crucial role in the metabolism of drugs and the synthesis of cholesterol, steroids, and other lipids.

In glycolysis, the enzyme enolase converts 2-phosphoglycerate to phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP), which is a crucial step before the final conversion to pyruvate.

Oxygen is reduced to water during the electron transport chain, which is the final stage of cellular respiration occurring in the mitochondria.

Cytochromes are heme-containing proteins that play a key role in electron transport chains in mitochondria and chloroplasts. They contain iron (Fe) within the porphyrin ring which is essential for their function in redox reactions.

In the process of respiration, 2 molecules of PGAL (Phosphoglyceraldehyde) are formed during glycolysis. PGAL is not formed during the Krebs cycle, which primarily deals with the oxidation of acetyl-CoA.

Glycolysis is a universal pathway that occurs in the cytoplasm of all types of cells, both prokaryotic and eukaryotic. It is the first step in cellular respiration and does not require oxygen.

ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate) is often referred to as the energy currency of the cell. It is rich in energy because it stores and provides energy for many biochemical cellular processes, such as muscle contraction, nerve impulse propagation, and chemical synthesis. ATP's high-energy phosphate bonds are what make it a rich source of energy.

The mechanism of aerobic respiration was discovered by Sir Hans Adolf Krebs. He elucidated the citric acid cycle, also known as the Krebs cycle, which is a series of chemical reactions used by all aerobic organisms to generate energy through the oxidation of acetate derived from carbohydrates, fats, and proteins into carbon dioxide and water.