Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants MCQs for NEET — Botany Questions with Answers

In angiosperms, the body of the ovule consists of a mass of parenchymatous cells called nucellus. In the hypodermal region of nucellus towards the micropylar end develops a primary archesporial cell, which by further divisions forms a diploid megaspore mother cell. The latter undergoes meiosis to form megaspore tetrad. Usually the chalazal megaspore remians functional while the other three degenerate. The functional megaspore is the first cell of female gametophyte (embryo sac).

During the event of double fertilisation in angiosperms, the second male gamete fuses with the two haploid polar nuclei or diploid secondary nucleus of the central cell to form a triploid primary endosperm nucleuus (PEN). This second fertilisation is called vegetative fertilisation.

Non-endospermic seeds or exalbuminous seeds have no residual endosperm as it is completely consumed during embryo development. Gram, pea, bean and groundnut have non-endospermic seeds.

Censer mechanism of seed dispersal is found in Papaveraceae. In this mechanism, the seeds are dispersed from fruits under the influence of wind storkes.

The most common embryosac in flowering plant is monosporic, 8 nucleated and 7 celled. It is characterstic of polygonum.

When a fern plant arise from any cell of fern prothallus, it is called as apogamy. It is a process of development of a saprophyte from gametophyte without fertilisation. Apogamy was first time reported by Farlow (1874). Apospory is development of gametophyte directly from sporophytic tissue, such gametophyte have diploid number of chromosomes.

Parthenocarpy is development of fruit without fertilisation. Organogenesis is the development of organ and tissues.

In flowering plant, pollen tube first arrives in a synergid cell.

Microspoer mother cells have 2n condition like that of a fertilized egg (zygote).

Feathery stigma is an adaptation for the flowers which are pollinated by wind.

It is called as typical embryo sac, i.e., characteristic of Polygonum.