Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants MCQs for NEET — Botany Questions with Answers

The NCERT text states: 'In epigynous flowers, the margin of thalamus grows upward enclosing the ovary completely and getting fused with it, the other parts of flower arise above the ovary. Hence, the ovary is said to be inferior as in flowers of guava and cucumber...'

The NCERT chapter 'MORPHOLOGY OF FLOWERING PLANTS' describes floral characters for Solanaceae as: 'Gynoecium: bicarpellary obligately placed, syncarpous; ovary superior, bilocular, placenta swollen with many ovules, axile'. It also lists examples like tomato, brinjal, potato, belladonna, etc., which are sources of food and medicine.

The NCERT text states: 'In some flowers like lily, the calyx and corolla are not distinct and are termed as perianth.'

The NCERT text mentions: 'Much before the actual flower is seen on a plant, the decision that the plant is going to flower has taken place. Several hormonal and structural changes are initiated which lead to the differentiation and further development of the floral primordium.'

The NCERT text states: 'After fertilisation, the ovary is modified into fruits and ovules into seeds.'

The NCERT text states: 'When the ovules are borne on central axis and septa are absent, as in Dianthus and Primrose the placentation is called free central.'

The NCERT text mentions 'the end products of sexual reproduction, the fruits and seeds.' While not explicitly detailed in the provided excerpts, general biological knowledge (which NEET expects) dictates that the entire ovary develops into the fruit after fertilization, containing the seeds formed from the ovules. The ovule develops into the seed, not the fruit itself.

The NCERT text describes the ovule having 'one or two protective envelopes called integuments.' Post-fertilization, these integuments are crucial for protecting the developing embryo and endosperm, eventually hardening to form the seed coat.

The chapter outline itself includes '1.4 Post-fertilisation: Structures and Events,' explicitly defining this phase of sexual reproduction. These events encompass the development of the zygote, endosperm, fruit, and seed.

The NCERT exercise question 'Why do you think the zygote is dormant for sometime in a fertilised ovule?' directly points to this concept. Zygote dormancy is a crucial adaptation that allows for embryo development to proceed under optimal conditions, often linked to the maturation of the seed and fruit, and prevents early germination when conditions might be unsuitable for seedling survival.