Botany MCQs for NEET — Practice Questions with Answers

The NCERT text describes the maturation phase cells as those that 'attain their maximal size in terms of wall thickening and protoplasmic modifications.' These features distinguish them from elongation phase cells, which are primarily characterized by increased vacuolation and cell enlargement.

The NCERT text mentions, 'Development is the sum of two processes: growth and differentiation.'

The NCERT text states, 'in dicotyledonous plants and gymnosperms, the lateral meristems, vascular cambium and cork-cambium appear later in life. These are the meristems that cause the increase in the girth of the organs in which they are active. This is known as secondary growth of the plant.' Apical meristems are responsible for primary growth (elongation).

The NCERT text describes meristematic cells as 'rich in protoplasm, possess large conspicuous nuclei. Their cell walls are primary in nature, thin and cellulosic with abundant plasmodesmatal connections.' Increased vacuolation is characteristic of the elongation phase.

The NCERT text states: 'cells in a watermelon may increase in size by upto 3,50,000 times... the latter expresses growth as increase in size of the cell.'

According to the NCERT text, 'In both parasitism and predation only one species benefits (parasite and predator, respectively) and the interaction is detrimental to the other species (host and prey, respectively).' Therefore, one organism benefits, and the other is affected (harmed).

The NCERT text states: 'The life cycles of endoparasites are more complex because of their extreme specialisation. Their morphological and anatomical features are greatly simplified while emphasising their reproductive potential.' Therefore, less complex life cycles is incorrect.

The NCERT text asks, 'The female mosquito is not considered a parasite, although it needs our blood for reproduction. Can you explain why?' While the specific explanation isn't given there, the general characteristic of parasitic interaction is that the interacting species live closely together. A mosquito takes blood meal episodically, rather than living closely with or on the host for a prolonged duration, which is a key distinction from what is typically defined as parasitism in this context (e.g., a plant deriving nutrition from a host or an endoparasite living inside a host).

The NCERT text explicitly states: 'Predation, parasitism and commensalism share a common characteristic– the interacting species live closely together.'

The NCERT text describes: 'Brood parasitism in birds is a fascinating example of parasitism in which the parasitic bird lays its eggs in the nest of its host and lets the host incubate them.'