Botany MCQs for NEET — Practice Questions with Answers

The text lists several reasons for suitability but does not mention 'high blending of parental traits'. In fact, Mendel's work emphasized the lack of blending. The reasons provided are: 'They could be grown on simple synthetic medium in the laboratory. They complete their life cycle in about two weeks, and a single mating could produce a large number of progeny flies. Also, there was a clear differentiation of the sexes – the male and female flies are easily distinguishable. Also, it has many types of hereditary variations that can be seen with low power microscopes.'

The summary states: 'After knowing that the genes are located on the chromosomes, a good correlation was drawn between Mendel’s laws : segregation and...'

The text states: 'Sutton and Boveri argued that the pairing and separation of a pair of chromosomes would lead to the segregation of a pair of factors they carried.'

The text mentions: 'He observed that the two genes did not segregate independently of each other and the F2 ratio deviated very significantly from the 9:3:3:1 ratio (expected when the two genes are independent). Morgan and his group knew that the genes were located on the X chromosome... and saw quickly that when the two genes in a dihybrid cross were situated on the same chromosome, the proportion of parental gene combinations were much higher than the non-parental.'

The study of chromosomes and their role in heredity falls under cytogenetics. Morgan's work directly linked gene behavior to chromosome behavior, a core aspect of cytogenetics.

The text explains: '...when the tall and dwarf plant produce gametes, by the process of meiosis, the alleles of the parental pair separate or segregate from each other and only one allele is transmitted to a gamete. This segregation of alleles is a random process...'

According to the NCERT text, 'Calyx and corolla are accessory organs, while androecium and gynoecium are reproductive organs.'

The NCERT text states: 'Thus, a typical angiosperm embryo sac, at maturity, though 8-nucleate is 7-celled.'

The NCERT text mentions: 'The synergids have special cellular thickenings at the micropylar tip called filiform apparatus, which play an important role in guiding the pollen tubes into the synergid.'

The NCERT text states: 'In the hypogynous flower the gynoecium occupies the highest position while the other parts are situated below it. The ovary in such flowers is said to be superior, e.g., mustard, china rose and brinjal.'