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Botany MCQs for NEET — Practice Questions with Answers

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In which type of placentation are ovules borne on the inner wall of the ovary or peripheral part, with the ovary often becoming two-chambered due to false septum formation?

A. Axile B. Marginal C. Basal D. Parietal

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Explanation

According to the NCERT text: 'In parietal placentation, the ovules develop on the inner wall of the ovary or on peripheral part. Ovary is one-chambered but it becomes two-chambered due to the formation of the false septum, e.g., mustard and Argemone.'

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Identify the characteristic feature of actinomorphic flowers from the options below.

A. Can be divided into two similar halves only in one particular vertical plane B. Cannot be divided into two similar halves by any vertical plane C. Can be divided into two equal radial halves in any radial plane passing through the centre D. Floral appendages are typically in multiples of 3

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Explanation

The NCERT text describes actinomorphic flowers as: 'When a flower can be divided into two equal radial halves in any radial plane passing through the centre, it is said to be actinomorphic, e.g., mustard, datura, chilli.'

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What is the primary role of petals in a flower?

A. Protection of the flower in the bud stage B. Attracting insects for pollination C. Producing pollen grains D. Supporting the ovules

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Explanation

The NCERT text specifies: 'Petals are usually brightly coloured to attract insects for pollination.'

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Which of the following best defines placentation?

A. The arrangement of sepals and petals in the floral bud B. The mode of fusion of carpels in the gynoecium C. The arrangement of ovules within the ovary D. The development of fruits from the ovary

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Explanation

As per NCERT: 'Placentation: The arrangement of ovules within the ovary is known as placentation.'

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In epigynous flowers, where do the other floral parts arise in relation to the ovary?

A. Below the ovary with the ovary being superior B. At the same level as the ovary with the ovary being half inferior C. Above the ovary with the ovary being inferior D. Fused with the base of the ovary, with the ovary being superior

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Explanation

The NCERT text states: 'In epigynous flowers, the margin of thalamus grows upward enclosing the ovary completely and getting fused with it, the other parts of flower arise above the ovary. Hence, the ovary is said to be inferior as in flowers of guava and cucumber...'

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Which plant family, known for its economic importance in food and medicine, is characterized by bicarpellary, syncarpous gynoecium with a superior ovary and axile placentation?

A. Fabaceae B. Solanaceae C. Liliaceae D. Brassicaceae

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Explanation

The NCERT chapter 'MORPHOLOGY OF FLOWERING PLANTS' describes floral characters for Solanaceae as: 'Gynoecium: bicarpellary obligately placed, syncarpous; ovary superior, bilocular, placenta swollen with many ovules, axile'. It also lists examples like tomato, brinjal, potato, belladonna, etc., which are sources of food and medicine.

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What term describes the condition where calyx and corolla are not distinct, as observed in lily?

A. Perianth B. Bracteate C. Gamopetalous D. Polysepalous

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Explanation

The NCERT text states: 'In some flowers like lily, the calyx and corolla are not distinct and are termed as perianth.'

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The development of floral primordium in a plant is initiated by:

A. Increase in nutrient uptake only B. Structural changes and environmental signals C. Hormonal and structural changes D. Accumulation of photoperiodic pigments

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Explanation

The NCERT text mentions: 'Much before the actual flower is seen on a plant, the decision that the plant is going to flower has taken place. Several hormonal and structural changes are initiated which lead to the differentiation and further development of the floral primordium.'

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What happens to the ovary and ovules after fertilization in flowering plants?

A. Both ovary and ovules develop into seeds. B. The ovary develops into a fruit, and the ovules develop into seeds. C. The ovary develops into a seed, and the ovules develop into a fruit. D. Both ovary and ovules degenerate.

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Explanation

The NCERT text states: 'After fertilisation, the ovary is modified into fruits and ovules into seeds.'

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Which of the following is an example of a flower with 'free central' placentation?

A. Mustard B. Pea C. Dianthus D. China rose

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Explanation

The NCERT text states: 'When the ovules are borne on central axis and septa are absent, as in Dianthus and Primrose the placentation is called free central.'

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