Botany MCQs for NEET — Practice Questions with Answers

The summary states: 'Based on the resemblances and distinct differences, each organism is identified and assigned a correct scientific/biological name comprising two words as per the binomial system of nomenclature.'

The summary states: 'The branch of knowledge dealing with these aspects [identification, nomenclature and classification of organisms] is referred to as taxonomy.'

Based on the rule, 'The first word in a biological name represents the genus while the second component denotes the specific epithet,' 'sapiens' is the specific epithet for Homo sapiens.

According to the NCERT text, 'Higher the category, greater is the difficulty of determining the relationship to other taxa at the same level.' Therefore, the statement 'simpler is the difficulty' is incorrect.

The NCERT states, 'The scientific term for these categories is taxa. Here you must recognise that taxa can indicate categories at very different levels.' Examples given are 'Plants', 'Wheat', 'Animals', 'Mammals', 'Dogs'.

The NCERT text mentions, 'Insects represent a group of organisms sharing common features like three pairs of jointed legs. It means insects are recognisable concrete objects which can be classified, and thus were given a rank or category.'

The taxonomic hierarchy, in ascending order starting from the lowest, is Species, Genus, Family, Order, Class, Phylum/Division, Kingdom. This is explicitly shown in Figure 1.1 and discussed in the 'Taxonomic Categories' section.

From Table 1.1, for Man: Order is Primata and Class is Mammalia, indicating that Primata is a sub-category of Mammalia. Option 1 is incorrect as Homo is a genus, and Primata is an order. Option 2 is incorrect; humans belong to Phylum Chordata, not Class. Option 4 is incorrect; humans are Primata, houseflies are Diptera.

The NCERT states, 'as we go higher from species to kingdom, the number of common characteristics goes on decreasing. ...Higher the category, greater is the difficulty of determining the relationship to other taxa at the same level. Hence, the problem of classification becomes more complex.'

Table 1.1 shows 'Angiospermae' under the 'Phylum/Division' column for Mango. Dicotyledonae is a Class, Poales is an Order, and Hominidae is a Family. In case of plants, the term 'Division' is used instead of 'Phylum'.