Botany MCQs for NEET — Practice Questions with Answers

The NCERT states, 'Each category, referred to as a unit of classification, in fact, represents a rank and is commonly termed as taxon (pl.: taxa).' It further adds, 'These taxonomic groups/categories are distinct biological entities and not merely morphological aggregates.'

The NCERT states, 'However, taxonomists have also developed sub-categories in this hierarchy to facilitate more sound and scientific placement of various taxa.'

The text clearly states, 'All organisms, including those in the plant and animal kingdoms have species as the lowest category.'

The NCERT defines, 'The branch of knowledge dealing with these aspects is referred to as taxonomy.' It also distinguishes taxonomy from systematics by stating 'The scope of systematics was later enlarged to include identification, nomenclature and classification. Systematics takes into account evolutionary relationships between organisms.'

The NCERT states, 'Classification is not a single step process but involves hierarchy of steps in which each step represents a rank or category. Since the category is a part of overall taxonomic arrangement, it is called the taxonomic category and all categories together constitute the taxonomic hierarchy. Each category, referred to as a unit of classification, in fact, represents a rank and is commonly termed as taxon (pl.: taxa).'

From Table 1.1, for Mango, 'Dicotyledonae' is listed under 'Class'. Similarly, for Wheat, 'Monocotyledonae' is listed under 'Class'. Therefore, they represent the Class level.

From Table 1.1, 'Musca' is listed under 'Genus' for Housefly and 'Mangifera' is listed under 'Genus' for Mango. Thus, both are genera.

The NCERT states, 'Hence, all these - 'Dogs', 'Cats', 'Mammals', 'Wheat', 'Rice', 'Plants', 'Animals', etc., are convenient categories we use to study organisms. The scientific term for these categories is taxa. Here you must recognise that taxa can indicate categories at very different levels. 'Plants' – also form a taxa. 'Wheat' is also a taxa.'

The NCERT text states: 'The respiratory pathway is an amphibolic pathway as it involves both anabolism and catabolism.' This clearly defines an amphibolic pathway as one that participates in both constructive and destructive metabolic processes.

The NCERT states, 'Since respiration involves breakdown of substrates, the respiratory process has traditionally been considered a catabolic process... But... it is these very compounds that would be withdrawn from the respiratory pathway for the synthesis of the said substrates.' This dual role of breaking down substrates and providing precursors for synthesis makes it amphibolic.