Botany MCQs for NEET — Practice Questions with Answers

The formation of a zygote without the act of syngamy (fusion of gametes) is called parthenogenesis. In parthenogenesis, an egg develops into an embryo without fertilization by a male gamete. This phenomenon can occur in some plants, invertebrates, and certain vertebrates.

In angiosperms, the dominant phase of the life cycle is the sporophyte phase. The sporophyte is the diploid multicellular stage that produces spores through meiosis. These spores then develop into the gametophyte generation. The sporophyte phase is the most visible and long-lived phase in the life cycle of angiosperms.

A flower is a modified shoot. In botanical terms, a shoot is an axis with leaves. The flower is a specialized structure that evolved from a shoot to facilitate reproduction. The floral organs such as sepals, petals, stamens, and carpels are considered to be modified leaves.

A flower is specially formed for reproduction. The primary function of a flower is to facilitate the reproductive process, including the production of gametes, the process of pollination, and the development of seeds and fruit after fertilization.

The embryo develops from the zygote. After fertilization, the zygote undergoes multiple rounds of cell division and differentiation to form the embryo.

The fertilized secondary nucleus develops into the endosperm. The endosperm provides nourishment to the developing embryo in the seed.

After fertilization, the seed is developed from the ovule. The ovule undergoes changes to form the seed, which contains the embryo and the endosperm.

Cross pollination is generally more beneficial than self-pollination as it introduces genetic variation. This variation can lead to stronger, more resilient plants with a better chance of survival and reproduction. Cross-pollinated plants are often able to adapt better to environmental changes and resist diseases.

Pollen grains germinate on the stigma of a flower. The stigma is a part of the pistil, which is the female reproductive organ of the flower. The pollen tube grows from the pollen grain on the stigma to the ovule, where fertilization occurs.

The source of food for the developing embryo in angiosperms (flowering plants) is the endosperm. The endosperm is a tissue produced inside the seeds of most flowering plants following fertilization. It provides the necessary nutrients to the developing embryo.