Botany MCQs for NEET — Practice Questions with Answers

The larger cell of a pollen grain with an irregularly shaped nucleus is the vegetative cell. The vegetative cell plays a crucial role in the growth of the pollen tube, which is essential for the fertilization process in plants.

The suspensor is a structure in plant embryos that pushes the developing embryo towards the endosperm to facilitate nutrient transfer. It acts as a conduit, providing the necessary support and nutrition to the growing embryo.

The development of the male gametophyte begins before pollination. It starts with the formation of the pollen grain in the anthers. The pollen grain undergoes mitotic division to form two cells – a larger vegetative cell and a smaller generative cell, which further divides to form two sperm cells. This entire process takes place before pollination.

Male gametes in plants are produced by the generative cell of the pollen grain through mitosis. These gametes are haploid, meaning they contain a single set of chromosomes. This ensures that after fertilization, the zygote will have the correct diploid number of chromosomes.

The tapetum is the innermost layer of the anther and provides nourishment to the developing pollen grains. It plays a crucial role in the development of viable pollen by supplying essential nutrients and enzymes.

The hypophysis is a group of cells in the developing embryo that gives rise to the root cap and the apical meristem of the radicle, which is the embryonic root. Thus, the radicle tip is derived from the hypophysis.

The endothecium is a layer of cells found in the anther of a plant. It plays a crucial role in the dehiscence of the anther, which is the process where the anther releases pollen. The endothecium cells have thickened walls that help in the splitting of the anther when it is mature, facilitating the release of pollen grains.

Sporopollenin is known to be one of the most resistant natural organic materials. It is a major component of the outer wall of spores and pollen grains. Its resistance to chemical and biological degradation makes it extremely durable, ensuring the protection of the genetic material within the spores and pollen.