Atomic Structure MCQs for NEET — Chemistry Questions with Answers

The reason why most alpha particles pass through the gold foil undeflected is that the nucleus occupies a very small volume compared to the entire atom's volume. As alpha particles are positively charged, they are repelled by the positively charged nucleus, but the tiny nuclear size makes direct hits unlikely.

In a uni-electron system like the hydrogen atom, the wave number of any spectral line is proportional to $ \frac{1}{n_1^2} - \frac{1}{n_2^2} $, where n₁ and n₂ are the principal quantum numbers of the initial and final states involved in the transition.

The Aufbau principle states that electrons fill orbitals in order of increasing energy. It is based on the observation that electrons occupy the lowest available energy levels first.

Matter waves are associated with particles, not electromagnetic fields. The velocity of matter waves is generally less than the speed of light, according to de Broglie's relation.

In the Schrödinger wave equation, $ \phi $ represents the wave function, which describes the behavior and properties of a particle in quantum mechanics. The wave function contains all the information about the particle's state and its probability distribution.

The alpha ($ \alpha $) particle scattering experiment, performed by Ernest Rutherford in 1911, provided evidence for the existence of a dense, positively charged nucleus at the center of an atom. The unexpected deflection of some alpha particles led Rutherford to propose the nuclear model of the atom.