Basic Principles of Orgainc Chemistry MCQs for NEET — Chemistry Questions with Answers

(c) Diastereomers have different physical properties such as melting point, boiling point, solubilities in a given solvent, densities, refractive index, etc. Because of the differences in the boiling points and the solubilities, they can be separated by fractional crystallization.

Chain isomers are those compounds in which the number of carbon atoms present in the main chain are differ 

3-pentene-2-ol has two chiral carbon atoms, and each chiral carbon atom can have two different orientations (R or S). Therefore, the total number of stereoisomers is 2^2 = 4.

The most stable configuration of n-butane is the staggered-anti conformation, where the carbon atoms are arranged in a zig-zag pattern, minimizing the steric hindrance and maximizing the stability.

 (d) Alcohols show position isomerism; Ethers show metamerism; Alcohols and ethers show functional isomerism.         

(c) $$\begin{gathered} {\mathrm{CH}}_3-\underset{|}{\mathrm{C}}=\mathrm{CH}-{\mathrm{CH}}_2-{\mathrm{CH}}_3 \\ {\mathrm{CH}}_3 \end{gathered}$$ will not show cis-trans isomerism because double bonded carbon atom have two same groups (-CH₃, methyl group)

(d) Butane and isobutane and all higher alkanes show isomerism. 

(a) Acid has -COOH group whereas, ester has -COOR group.

(d) Pair of optical isomerism and geometrical isomerism are able to exhibit the phenomenon of stereoisomerism because both types of isomers differ only in their orientation in space.