Practice free Biomolecules (Chemistry) NEET multiple-choice questions online with instant answers and detailed explanations. No login required.
Glucose is classified as an aldohexose. This means it contains:
The NCERT text states: 'Glucose is an aldohexose...' The prefix 'aldo-' indicates an aldehyde group, and '-hexose' indicates six carbon atoms (hexa-).
The molecular formula of glucose, C$_6$H$_{12}$O$_6$, fits the general formula C$_x$(H$_2$O)$_y$. Which of the following organic compounds, mentioned in the context, also fits this general formula but is NOT a carbohydrate?
The NCERT text states: 'For example acetic acid (CH$_3$COOH) fits into this general formula, C$_2$(H$_2$O)$_2$ but is not a carbohydrate.' Rhamnose is a carbohydrate but doesn't fit the formula. Maltose and Cellulose are carbohydrates.
What is the common name for the sugar used in homes?
The NCERT text states: 'The most common sugar, used in our homes is named as sucrose...'
Glycogen is found in which of the following locations in animals?
The NCERT text states: 'It [glycogen] is present in liver, muscles and brain.'
The existence of glucose in two different crystalline forms ($\alpha$ and $\beta$) and its failure to give Schiff's test or form a hydrogensulphite addition product with NaHSO$_3$ indicate the absence of a free:
The NCERT text explains: 'Despite having the aldehyde group, glucose does not give Schiff’s test and it does not form the hydrogensulphite addition product with NaHSO$_3$... This behaviour could not be explained by the open chain structure (I) for glucose. It was proposed that one of the —OH groups may add to the —CHO group and form a cyclic hemiacetal structure. This explains the absence of —CHO group...'
The configuration 'D' before the name of glucose, as in D(+)-glucose, refers to:
The NCERT text states: "'D' before the name of glucose represents the configuration whereas '(+)' represents dextrorotatory nature of the molecule." It further elaborates: 'In the case of carbohydrates, this refers to their relation with a particular isomer of glyceraldehyde... the –OH group lies on right hand side in the structure.' This specifically refers to the lowest asymmetric carbon.
Which reaction confirms the presence of an aldehydic group in glucose?
The NCERT text states: 'Glucose gets oxidised to six carbon carboxylic acid (gluconic acid) on reaction with a mild oxidising agent like bromine water. This indicates that the carbonyl group is present as an aldehydic group.' While reaction with hydroxylamine confirms a carbonyl group, bromine water specifically indicates an aldehyde.
Sucrose, on hydrolysis, yields which of the following monosaccharide units?
The NCERT text states: 'For example, one molecule of sucrose on hydrolysis gives one molecule of glucose and one molecule of fructose...'
Which of the following describes the primary structure of a protein?
According to the NCERT text, 'Each polypeptide in a protein has amino acids linked with each other in a specific sequence and it is this sequence of amino acids that is said to be the primary structure of that protein.' (Biomolecules_chemistry, page 293) and 'The sequence of amino acids i.e., the positional information in a protein – which is the first amino acid, which is second, and so on – is called the primary structure' (BIOMOLECULES_biology, page 112).
Which type of chemical bond is primarily responsible for linking amino acids to form a polypeptide chain?
The NCERT text states, 'proteins are the polymers of $\alpha$-amino acids and they are connected to each other by peptide bond or peptide linkage.' (Biomolecules_chemistry, page 292)
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