Practice free Biomolecules (Chemistry) NEET multiple-choice questions online with instant answers and detailed explanations. No login required.
Which polysaccharide is the most abundant organic substance in the plant kingdom and a predominant constituent of plant cell walls?
The NCERT states, 'Cellulose occurs exclusively in plants and it is the most abundant organic substance in plant kingdom. It is a predominant constituent of cell wall of plant cells.'
Polysaccharides are often referred to as 'non-sugars' because:
The NCERT text mentions, 'Polysaccharides are not sweet in taste, hence they are also called non-sugars.'
Starch, cellulose, and glycogen are all polymers of which monosaccharide?
The text explicitly states: 'Starch... is a polymer of $\alpha$-glucose.' 'Cellulose is a straight chain polysaccharide composed only of $\beta$-D-glucose units.' 'Glycogen... structure is similar to amylopectin (a polymer of $\alpha$-D-glucose).'
Which of the following polysaccharides is a homopolymer of fructose?
The NCERT Biology text states, 'Inulin is a polymer of fructose.'
Which of the following describes the chemical composition of a nucleotide?
According to the NCERT text, 'Nucleic acids are the polymers of nucleotides which in turn consist of a base, a pentose sugar and phosphate moiety.' Additionally, another section states, 'A nucleotide has three chemically distinct components. One is a heterocyclic compound, the second is a monosaccharide and the third a phosphoric acid or phosphate.'
In DNA, the sugar moiety is $\beta$-D-2-deoxyribose. What is the corresponding sugar in RNA?
The NCERT text states, 'DNA contains a five carbon sugar molecule called 2-deoxyribose whereas RNA contains ribose.' More specifically, 'In DNA molecules, the sugar moiety is $\beta$-D-2-deoxyribose whereas in RNA molecule, it is $\beta$-D-ribose.'
Which of the following bases is exclusive to RNA and replaces thymine found in DNA?
The NCERT text clearly states, 'RNA also contains four bases, the first three bases are same as in DNA but the fourth one is uracil (U).' It further adds, 'The fourth base is thymine in DNA and uracil in RNA.'
A nucleoside is formed by the attachment of a base to which position of the sugar?
The NCERT states, 'A unit formed by the attachment of a base to 1¢ position of sugar is known as nucleoside.' Another part specifies: 'A nitrogenous base is linked to the OH of 1' C pentose sugar through a N-glycosidic linkage to form a nucleoside.'
Nucleotides are linked together by which type of bond to form a nucleic acid chain?
The NCERT text mentions, 'Nucleotides are joined together by phosphodiester linkage between 5¢ and 3 carbon atoms of the pentose sugar.'
According to Chargaff's rule for double-stranded DNA, which of the following ratios is constant and equals one?
The NCERT text states, 'this proposition was also based on the observation of Erwin Chargaff that for a double stranded DNA, the ratios between Adenine and Thymine and Guanine and Cytosine are constant and equals one.'
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