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Chemistry MCQs for NEET — Practice Questions with Answers

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Most common oxidation state of cerium (Ce) is :

+2, +3

+2, +4

+3, +4

+3, +5

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Explanation

E.C of Ce is [Xe]4f¹5d¹6s²,

The common stable oxidation state of all the lanthanides is +3. The oxidation states of +2 and +4 are also exhibited and these oxidation states are only stable in those cases where stable 4f0, 4f7 or 4f14 configurations are achieved. Ce4+ is stable due to 4f0 configuration.

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Which of the electronic configuration of an atom has the lowest ionization enthalpy?

1s²,2s²2p⁵

1s²,2s²2p³

1s²,2s²2 $p^{6}$ ,3s¹

1s²,2s²2p⁶

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Explanation

I.E is inversly proportional to size ..

and valance electron should be lesser.

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A common trend to both groups I and II elements in the periodic table, as the atomic number increases are:

oxidizing power increases

atomic radius increases

maximum valency increases

reactivity with water increases

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Explanation

Atomic radii increases down the group.

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The difference between ions and atoms is of:

relative size

Configuration

presence of charge

All of these

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Explanation

The basic differences in an ion and its atom

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On going down a main subgroup in the periodic table (example Li to Cs in IA or Be to Ba in IIA) the expected trend of change in atomic radius is a :

continuous decrease

continuous increase

periodic one, an increase followed by a decrease

periodic one, a decrease followed by an increase

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Explanation

(b) Atomic radii increase down the group

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An element R forms the highest oxide R₂O₅. R belongs to:

IV group

V group

VI group

VII group

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Explanation

(b) R has five valency electrons like N.

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Amongst the element with following electronic configurations, which one may have the highest ionisation energy?

[Ne]3s²3p³

[Ne]3s²3p²

[Ne]3d¹⁰,4s²4p³

[Ne]3s²3p¹

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Explanation

(a)

The element with $[N e] 3 s^{2} p^{3}$ is the one having the highest ionization energy, because IE increases in a period from left to right. Moreover this element has half-filled p-electrons

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Which pair of elements is chemically most similar?

Na, Al

Cu, S

Ti, Zr

Zr, Hf

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Explanation

Due to lanthanoid contactions.

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Lanthanoid contraction is caused due to :

the appreciable shielding on outer electrons by 4f electrons from the nuclear charge

the appreciable shielding on outer electrons by 5d electrons from the nuclear charge

the same effective nuclear charge from Ce to Lu

the imperfect shielding on outer electrons by 4f electrons from the nuclear charge

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Explanation

(d) It is the reason for given fact.

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In the transition elements, the incoming electron occupies (n-1)d sublevel in preference to:

(n-1)d

(n+1)s

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Explanation

(a) The energy of (n-1)d-orbital is lower than np-orbital.And since electrons are filled according to energy, it first comes in n-1 d.

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