Consider the diameter of a spherical object being measured with the help of a Vernier callipers. Suppose its 10 Vernier Scale Divisions (V.S.D.) are equal to its 9 Main Scale Divisions (M.S.D.). The least division in the M.S. is 0.1 cm and the zero of V.S. is at $x = 0.1$ cm when the jaws of Vernier callipers are closed. If the main scale reading for the diameter is M = 5 cm and the number of coinciding vernier division is 8, the measured diameter after zero error correction, is:
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Explanation
LC $= 1\,\text{MSD} - 1\,\text{VSD} = 0.1 - 0.09 = 0.01$ cm. Observed $= 5 + 8(0.01) = 5.08$ cm. Positive zero error $= +0.10$ cm. Corrected $= 5.08 - 0.10 = 4.98$ cm.