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Thermal Properties of Matter MCQs for NEET — Physics Questions with Answers

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Half part of ice block is covered with black cloth and rest half is covered with white cloth and then it is kept in sunlight. After some time clothes are removed to see the melted ice. Which of the following statements is correct ?

Ice covered with white cloth will melt more

Ice covered with black cloth will melt more

Equal ice will melt under both clothes

It will depend on the temperature of surroundings of ice

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Explanation

(b) Black cloth is a good absorber of heat, therefore ice covered by black cloth melts more as compared to that covered by white cloth.

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If between wavelength $λ$ and $λ + dλ$ , $e_{λ}$ and $a_{λ}$ be the emissive and absorptive powers of a body and $E_{λ}$ be the emissive power of a perfectly black body, then according to Kirchoff's law, which is true ?

$e_{λ}$ = $a_{λ}$ = $E_{λ}$

$e_{λ}$ $E_{λ}$ = $a_{λ}$

$e_{λ}$ = $a_{λ}$ $E_{λ}$

$e_{λ}$ $a_{λ}$ $E_{λ}$ = constant

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Explanation

(c) According to Kirchoff’s law, the ratio of emissive power to absorptive power is same for all bodies is equal to the emissive power of a perfectly black body i.e.,

${(\frac{e}{a})}_{body} = E_{black body}$ for a particular wave length

${(\frac{e_{λ}}{a_{λ}})}_{body} = {(E_{λ})}_{Black body} \Rightarrow e_{λ} = a_{λ} E_{λ}$

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When p calories of heat is given to a body, it absorbs q calories; then the absorbtion power of body will be ?

p/q

q/p

$p^{2} / q^{2}$

$q^{2} / p^{2}$

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Explanation

(b) $Absorption power = \frac{Heat absorbed}{Total heat given}$

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In rainy season, on a clear night the black seat of a bicycle becomes wet because -

It absorbs water vapour

Black seat is good absorber of heat

Black seat is good radiator of heat energy

None of the above

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Explanation

(c)

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There is a rough black spot on a polished metallic plate. It is heated upto 1400 K approximately and then at once taken in a dark room. Which of the following statements is true ?

In comparison with the plate, the spot will shine more

In camparison with the plate, the spot will appear more black

The spot and the plate will be equally bright

The plate and the black spot can not be seen in the dark room

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Explanation

(a) The black spot on heating absorbs radiations and so emits them in the dark room while the polished shining part reflects radiation and absorbs nothing and so does not emit radiations and becomes invisible in the dark.

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Which of the following is the example of ideal black body ?

Kajal

Black board

A pin hole in a box

None of these

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Explanation

(c) When light incident on pin hole, enters into the box and suffers successive reflection at the inner wall. At each reflection some energy is absorbed. Hence the ray once it enters the box can never come out and pin hole acts like a perfect black body.

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A piece of blue glass heated to a high temperature and a piece of red glass at room temperature, are taken inside a dimly lit room. Then -

The blue piece will look blue and red will look as usual

Red look brighter red and blue look ordinary blue

Blue shines like brighter red compared to the red piece

Both the pieces will look equally red.

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Explanation

(c) When blue glass is heated at high temperature, it absorbs all the radiation of higher wavelength except blue. If it is taken inside a dark room, it emits all the radiation of higher wavelength, hence it looks brighter red as compared to the red piece.

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Which of the following law states that “good absorbers of heat are good emitters” ?

Stefan’s law

Kirchoff’s law

Planck’s law

Wein’s law

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Explanation

(b) According to Kirchoff's law-

$\frac{e m i s s i v e p o w e r}{a b s o r p t i v e} = c o n s \tan t$

so for high emissive power, absorptive power should by high.

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According to Wein's law -

$λ_{m} T$ = constant

$\frac{λ_{m}}{T}$ = constant

$\frac{T}{λ_{m}}$ = constant

$T + λ_{m}$ = constant

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Explanation

(a) According to Wan's law-

$λ_{m} α \frac{1}{T} o r λ_{m} . T = co n s \tan t$

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On investigation of light from three different stars A, B and C, it was found that in the spectrum of A the intensity of red colour is maximum, in B the intensity of blue colour is maximum and in C the intensity of yellow colour is maximum. From these observations it can be concluded that

The temperature of A is maximum, B is minimum and C is intermediate

The temperature of A is maximum, C is minimum and B is intermediate

The temperature of B is maximum, A is minimum and C is intermediate

The temperature of C is maximum, B is minimum and A is intermediate

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Explanation

$λ_{r} > λ_{y} > λ_{b} \Rightarrow T_{r} < T_{y} < T_{b} or T_{A} < T_{C} < T_{B}$

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Yes. You can attempt every Thermal Properties of Matter question on this page for free without logging in, and check the correct answer with a detailed explanation instantly.

No account is required to attempt questions and view answers. A free account adds bookmarks, personal notes, and progress tracking.

The bank mixes NEET previous year questions (PYQs) with practice questions, each tagged with its exam appearances where applicable.