Practice free Wave Optics (Physics) NEET multiple-choice questions online with instant answers and detailed explanations. No login required.
What is the relationship between the refractive indices ($n_1$, $n_2$) and the angles of incidence ($i$) and refraction ($r$) for a plane wave undergoing refraction?
The text provides Snell's Law as '$n_1 \sin i = n_2 \sin r$ (10.6)'.
For a plane wave passing through a thin prism, the lower portion of the incoming wavefront experiences a delay due to:
The text explains, 'Clearly, since the speed of light waves is less in glass, the lower portion of the incoming wavefront (which travels through the greatest thickness of glass) will get delayed resulting in a tilt in the emerging wavefront...'
Which of the following statements about the total time taken from a point on the object to the corresponding point on the image, for a convex lens forming a real image, is correct?
The discussion concludes, 'From the above discussion it follows that the total time taken from a point on the object to the corresponding point on the image is the same measured along any ray. For example, when a convex lens focuses light to form a real image, although the ray going through the centre traverses...'
What happens to the angle of refraction when a plane wave is incident on a rarer medium ($v_2 > v_1$)?
The text states, 'We now consider refraction of a plane wave at a rarer medium, i.e., $v_2 > v_1$. Proceeding in an exactly similar manner we can construct a refracted wavefront as shown in Fig. 10.5. The angle of refraction will now be greater than angle of incidence...'
Based on Huygens' construction for reflection of a plane wave (Fig. 10.6), if AB is the incident wavefront and CE is the reflected wavefront, then the distances AE and BC are related as:
The context explains, 'In order to construct the reflected wavefront we draw a sphere of radius $vt$ from the point A as shown in Fig. 10.6. Let CE represent the tangent plane drawn from the point C to this sphere. Obviously AE = BC = $vt$'. Therefore, AE and BC are equal.
For Young's double slit experiment, two statements are given below:
Statement I: If screen is moved away from the plane of slits, angular separation of the fringes remains constant.
Statement II: If the monochromatic source is replaced by another monochromatic source of larger wavelength, the angular separation of fringes decreases.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below:
Angular separation $\theta = \lambda/d$ is independent of screen distance (Statement I true). For larger $\lambda$, $\theta$ increases, not decreases (Statement II false).
An unpolarised light beam strikes a glass surface at Brewster's angle. Then
At Brewster's angle the reflected ray is fully plane-polarised; the refracted ray is only partially polarised.
If the monochromatic source in Young's double slit experiment is replaced by white light, then
Path difference 0 at the centre for all $\lambda$ → white fringe; coloured fringes either side.
An unpolarized light beam travelling in air is incident on a medium of refractive index 1.73 at Brewster's angle. Then—
$\tan\theta_B = 1.73 = \sqrt3\Rightarrow\theta_B = 60^\circ$. At Brewster's angle the reflected light is completely (plane) polarized and the angle of reflection equals $\theta_B = 60^\circ$.
The intensity of transmitted light when a polaroid sheet, placed between two crossed polaroids at $22.5^\circ$ from the polarization axis of one of the polaroid, is ($I_0$ is the intensity of polarised light after passing through the first polaroid):
$I = I_0\cos^2 22.5^\circ\cos^2 67.5^\circ = I_0\cos^2 22.5^\circ\sin^2 22.5^\circ = I_0\left(\tfrac12\sin45^\circ\right)^2 = \dfrac{I_0}{8}$.
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