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In Vitro Fertilisation (IVF) is popularly known as:
The NCERT text states, 'In this method, popularly known as test tube baby programme, ova from the wife/donor (female) and sperms from the husband/donor (male) are collected and are induced to form zygote under simulated conditions in the laboratory.'
Which of the following techniques involves the direct injection of a sperm into the ovum to form an embryo in the laboratory?
The NCERT text mentions, 'Intra cytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) is another specialised procedure to form an embryo in the laboratory in which a sperm is directly injected into the ovum.'
Artificial Insemination (AI) technique is primarily recommended for infertility cases arising from which of the following?
The NCERT text states, 'Infertility cases either due to inability of the male partner to inseminate the female or due to very low sperm counts in the ejaculates, could be corrected by artificial insemination (AI) technique.'
Zygote Intra Fallopian Transfer (ZIFT) involves the transfer of a zygote or early embryo into the fallopian tube, provided it has up to how many blastomeres?
The NCERT text specifies, 'The zygote or early embryos (with upto 8 blastomeres) could then be transferred into the fallopian tube (ZIFT–zygote intra fallopian transfer).'
Which of the following is NOT a reason mentioned in the NCERT for infertility in a couple?
The NCERT text lists 'physical, congenital, diseases, drugs, immunological or even psychological' as reasons for infertility. Economic factors are not mentioned as a direct cause of infertility.
In India, for childlessness, the problem more often than not is attributed to the male partner. What does the NCERT suggest as the common misconception?
The NCERT text states, 'In India, often the female is blamed for the couple being childless, but more often than not, the problem lies in the male partner.'
Apart from physical, emotional, and behavioral aspects, what other aspect does WHO include in its definition of reproductive health?
According to the NCERT, 'According to the World Health Organisation (WHO), reproductive health means a total well-being in all aspects of reproduction, i.e., physical, emotional, behavioural and social.'
Which of the following ART methods aims to assist females who cannot produce an ovum but can provide a suitable environment for fertilization and further development?
The NCERT states, 'Transfer of an ovum collected from a donor into the fallopian tube (GIFT – gamete intra fallopian transfer) of another female who cannot produce one, but can provide suitable environment for fertilisation and further development is another method attempted.'
What is the primary reason mentioned in the NCERT for the limited accessibility of ART techniques in India?
The NCERT text says, 'Though options are many, all these techniques require extremely high precision handling by specialised professionals and expensive instrumentation. Therefore, these facilities are presently available only in very few centres in the country.'
Which of these is NOT a deterrent mentioned in the NCERT for the adoption of ART methods?
The NCERT states, 'Emotional, religious and social factors are also deterrents in the adoption of these methods.' Medical unsuitability is a reason for infertility, not a deterrent to adopting ART methods for those who need them.
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