NEET Practice Questions (MCQs) with Answers & Solutions

The stamen is a modification of the microsporophyll. The microsporophyll is a leaf-like structure that bears microsporangia, where microspores are produced. In the context of flowering plants, the stamen is the male reproductive part that produces pollen, which contains the male gametes.

A microspore is the first cell of the male gametophyte. In the life cycle of plants, the microspore undergoes mitotic division to form the male gametophyte, which will eventually produce the male gametes (sperm cells).

An anther typically consists of four microsporangia. Each microsporangium is a site where pollen (containing microspores) is produced. These microsporangia are grouped in pairs in the anther, making a total of four.

The nucellus is the central part of an ovule in seed plants. The cells of the nucellus are diploid (2n) because they are part of the sporophytic tissue. This means they carry a full set of chromosomes, one from each parent.

The embryo sac in flowering plants is produced from a megaspore. Through a process called megasporogenesis, one of the four megaspores produced undergoes three rounds of mitotic division to form the embryo sac, which is the female gametophyte.

An egg-apparatus in the embryo sac of an angiosperm consists of one egg cell and two synergids. The synergids help in guiding the pollen tube to the egg cell for fertilization.

In angiosperms, the endosperm nucleus is formed by the fusion of one sperm nucleus with two polar nuclei, making it triploid (3n). This triploid endosperm provides nourishment to the developing embryo.

The female gametophyte in angiosperms is also known as the embryo sac. It contains the egg cell, two synergids, three antipodal cells, and a central cell with two polar nuclei.

The embryo sac of an angiosperm typically contains one egg cell, which is one of the seven cells in the eight-nucleate structure of the mature female gametophyte.